1. Earth Science Regents Review
Unit 1

2. latitude longitude _________________ __________________ Parallel lines
Run east to west
Measures distances north or south
Reference line is the equator
A.k.a. parallels
0-90o
__________________
Lines that meet at the poles
Run north to south
Measures distances east or west
Reference line is the prime meridian
A.k.a. meridians
0-180o

3. 3) What is the North Star? How is it used in navigation?
The altitude of Polaris is equal to the latitude.
                                                                                         

4. What is the international date line?
It is the 180 degree line of longitude that separates the eastern and western hemispheres.
Why do you
think the line
is shaped
like this?

5. Summary:
What is the latitude for these locations?
66.5oN
42oN

6. Aim: How do we break down degrees into minutes?

8. 12:00 1:00 12:30 What time is it? What time is it? What time is
it in between?

10. Aim: How do we break down degrees into minutes?’
42o30’
42o15’
42o00’
Montauk

11. 40o41’48”N
73o43’05”W

12. 1) How fast does the earth spin?
The earth does one 360 degree spin every 24 hours so:
360 degrees/ 24 hours=
15 degrees/hour

13. 3) What is Greenwich Mean Time?
This is the time on the prime meridian where all of the world sets its time

14. Why is California three hours behind us?
West
East

15. rotates from west to east so the sun hits the east first
4) If you are west of the Prime Meridian your time is ____________, but if you are east then your time is ______________ because________
_______________________________
___________________________.
earlier
Earth
later
rotates from west to east so
the sun hits the east first

16. 5) How do we find longitude using difference in time?
Step 1: Find the difference in time in hours
Step 2: Multiply by 15
Step 3: Local time is earlier=West
Local time is later=East

17. 1) Using the review books define the following:
Contour map (same as topographic map)
Contour line
Gradient
Contour interval
Profile
Map that shows the shape of an area
Lines connecting points
of equal elevation
Change in elevation over a distance
Difference in elevation
between two contour lines
Shows the changes in elevation
from a side view

18. 2) What happens to elevation inside of a contour line?
The elevation increases inside of the line. 60 80

19. 3) How do you find the contour interval?
Subtract two contour index lines and divide by the number of hops.
70 ft – 10 ft
__________
4 hops 40 25
15 ft 55 80
100 ft

20. 4) When drawing contour lines what two things must they either do?
Connect into a circle
Touch the edge of the map

21. 5) How do you figure out the highest possible elevation on a topographic map?
Figure out the value of the next line then subtract 1.
59 ft
79 ft

22. 6) How do you figure out the lowest possible elevation between two contour lines?
Look at the lowest adjacent line then add 1.
11 ft
31 ft

23. 7) What happens to a contour line when it crosses a river?
Contour lines bend upstream. The river flows opposite the point of the bend.

24. 8) How do you know if the gradient is steep?B
Lines are closer
The closer the contour lines, the steeper the gradient.

25. 9) What are some ways to know which way is up on a topographic map?
Higher elevations
The point of the “V” points up

26. 10) What do hachure lines represent?
They show a hole or depression

27. How do we number hachure lines?60
100 80
100 80
The first contour line
with hachure marks
repeats the lower elevation

28. How do we number lines of a mountain?60 60 40 80
100
The first contour line
of a hill repeats
the higher elevation

29. 10) What do hachure lines represent?ft ft

30. 11) Why can’t two contour lines cross?
One point can’t have TWO elevations.

31. Gradient Change in field value/Distance
If the land changed from a height of 50 m to a height of 150 m over a distance of 25 km what is the gradient?
150 m – 50 m/25 km
100 m / 25 km
4.0 m/km

32. How do we find distance on a contour map?
5 mi

33. How do we find distance on a contour map?10

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