1. Bibliographical references: 3 approaches to the commons
1. Elinor Ostrom
Ostrom, E. (1990) Governing the Commons, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ostrom, E. (2005) Understanding Institutional Diversity, Princeton & Oxford: Princeton University Press.
Ostrom, E. (2008) ‘Tragedy of the Commons’, in Durlauf, S.N., Blume, L.E. (eds) The new Palgrave dictionary of economics, Hampshire: Palgrave.
Ostrom. E., Andersson, K. P. (2008) ‘Analyzing decentralized resource regimes from a polycentric perspective’, Policy sciences, 41 (1):
Ostrom, E., Basurto, X. (2009) ‘Beyond the tragedy of the Commons, Economia delle fonti di energia e dell’ambiente, 1: 35-60, DOI: /EFE

2. Ostrom, E. (2010a) ‘Polycentric systems for coping with collective action and global environmental change’, Global Environmental Change, 20 (4):
Ostrom, E. (2010b) ‘Beyond markets and states: polycentric governance of complex economic systems’, Transnational Corporations Review, 2 (2): 1-12.
Ostrom, E., Hess, C. (eds) (2011) Understanding Knowledge as a Commons, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
Ostrom, E. (2012) The Future of the Commons. Beyond Market Failure and Government Regulation, London: The Institute of Economic Affairs.
Ostrom. E,, McGinnins, M. D. (2012) ‘Reflections on Vincent Ostrom, public administration, and polycentricity’, Public Administration Review, 72 (1): 15-25

3. 2. Digital commons
Bauwens, M. (2005a) ‘P2P and Human Evolution: Peer to peer as the premise of a new mode of civilization’, Ensaio, rascunho 1.
Bauwens, (2005b) ‘The Political Economy of Peer Production’, CTheory, (accessed 20/03/2017).
Bauwens, M. (2009) ‘Marx, Cognitive Capitalism and the Transition to the Commons’, Interactivist Info Exchange, (accessed 20/03/2017).
Bauwens, M. (2011) ‘Should we worry about capitalist commons?’, commons/2011/03/23 (accessed 20/03/2017).
Bauwens, M. (2014) ‘The emergence of peer-to-peer production and the Commons’ [translated in Greek] in Kostakis, V., Yotitsas, Ch. (eds) Beyond the State and the Market. The P2P Perspective [in Greek], Ioannina: Voreiodutikes Ekdoseis.

4. Bauwens, M., Kostakis, V. (2014a) ‘From the communism of capital to capital for the commons: Towards an open co-operativism’, tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society, 12 (1):
Bauwens, M., Kostakis, V. (2014b) Network society and future scenarios for a collaborative economy. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
Bauwens, M., Kostakis, V. (2017) Peer-to-Peer. A Manifesto

5. Benkler, Y. (2006) The Wealth of networks
Benkler, Y. (2006) The Wealth of networks. How social production transforms markets and freedom, New Haven & London: Yale University Press.
Benkler, Y. (2011) The Penguin and the Leviathan, New York: Crown Business.
Benkler, Y., Nissenbaum, H. (2006) ‘Commons‐based Peer Production and Virtue’, Journal of Political Philosophy, 14 (4):
Bollier, D. (2008) Viral Spiral. How the Commoners Built a Digital Republic of their Own, New York & London: New Press.
Bollier, D., Helfrich, S. (eds) (2012) The wealth of the commons: A world beyond market and state, Amherst: Levellers Press.
Bollier, D., Helfrich, S. (eds) (2015) Patterns of Commoning, Amherst: Levellers Press.

6. Dyer-Witherford, N. (1999) Cyber-Marx: Cycles and Circuits of Struggle in High-Technology Capitalism, Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
Dyer-Witherford, N. (2007) ‘Commonism’, Turbulence, (accessed 11/04/2017).
Dyer-Witherford, N. (2012) ‘The circulation of the common’, circulation-of-the-common/4797 (accessed 20 October 2015).
Dyer-Witherford, N. (2015) Cyber-Proletariat. Global Labour in the Digital Vortex, London & Toronto: Pluto Press.

7. 3. Autonomist Marxism- commons
Caffentzis, G. (2010) ‘The future of ‘The Commons’: neoliberalism’s ‘Plan B’ or the original disaccumulation of capital?’, New Formations, 69:
Caffentzis, G. (2013) In letters of blood and fire: Work, Machines, and the Crisis of Capitalism, Oakland CA: PM Press.
De Angelis, M. (2005) ‘The New Commons in Practice’, Development, 48(2): 48–52.
De Angelis, M. (2007) The Beginning of History. Value Struggles and Global Capital, London & Ann Arbor: Pluto Press.

8. De Angelis, M. (2010) ‘The production of commons and the “explosion” of the middle class’, Antipode, 42(4):
De Angelis, M. (2012) ‘Crises, Movements and Commons’, borderlands (e- journal), 22(2): 1-22.
Federici, S. (1990) ‘The debt crisis, Africa and the New Enclosures,’Midnight notes, 10:
Federici, S. (2004) Caliban and the Witch, Brooklyn, NY: Autonomedia.
Federici, S. (2012) Revolution at point zero. Housework, reproduction, and feminist struggle, Oakland: PM Press & Brooklyn, NY: Autonomedia; Common Notions (epub).

9. Linebaugh, P. (2008) The Magna Carta Manifesto
Linebaugh, P. (2008) The Magna Carta Manifesto. Liberties and Commons for all, Berkeley, LA: University of California Press.
Linebaugh, P. (2014) Stop Thief! The Commons, Enclosures, and Resistance, Oakland: PM Press.
Midnight Notes Collective (2009) Promissory Notes: From Crisis to Commons, (accessed 28/03/2017).