2. WHAT IS PLAGIARISM?

3. AVOIDING PLAGIARISM

4. WHAT IS PLAGIARISM?
DON’T STEAL: Plagiarism is use of another person’s work or ideas without
acknowledging the author.
Whether the work is published or unpublished, professional or amateur, graphic or digital, you must give credit to the source. Don’t copy or use an idea without citing the source, buy a paper or essay online, or turn in an assignment done by someone else.
GIVE CREDIT: If another’s words, phrases, ideas, opinions, designs, or facts are used, credit must be given.
The source should be clearly indicated to enable researchers to differentiate their own thoughts from
others which must be cited.
CONSEQUENCES: Because plagiarism is actually theft of intellectual property,
it is considered a serious offense. In the corporate world such thefts are prosecuted, in the publishing world plagiarism can damage or end a career, and in the academic world it can result in the loss of a grade, dismissal from class, or even more serious penalties.
KNOW THE RULES: It does not matter whether using another’s work was intentional or unintentional. If you do so without credit, you are committing plagiarism (Bankhead 19).
Bankhead, Betty, Janet Nichols, and Dawn Vaughn. Write It!: A Guide for Research. Libraries Unlimited, 1999.

5. Giving Credit: Two types of Quotations
Direct Quotation: Which are your words and which belong to someone else?
At times you want to use the exact words of your source material. To do this, copy the information directly, word for word, from the sources. Make a note to yourself that it is a quote, and put quotation marks around the works.
An example:
President John Fitzgerald Kennedy is well known for his inaugural address in which he said, “And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you—ask what you can do for your country. My fellow citizens of the world, ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man” (Oxford 295).
 Indirect Quotation: In your own words.
In his inaugural address, John F. Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States, urged the American people to take personal responsibility for improving their country. Concerned about the spread of communism, he exhorted people around the world to work toward freedom for all people (Oxford 295).
Source: The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations. Oxford University Press, 1980.

6. STYLE GUIDES
MLA - MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing (the most recent is the 8th edition)
APA – American Psychological Association
CHICAGO – The Chicago Manual of Style
CSE – Council of Science Editors
Turabian – A Manual for Writers of Research Papers…

7. MLA STYLE OF CITATION MLA Style
Sources used are documented in two ways:
1. A parenthetical note or in-text citation
A. Author-page system
2. A complete citation is listed on the final page of the paper under the title “Works Cited” or “Bibliography.”

8. Giving Credit to Mrs. Rockwell
DRAGONS AROUND THE WORLD By Annice Rockwell
The dragon is a legendary beast in the folklore of many European and Asian cultures. Legends describe dragons as large, lizard-like creatures that breathe fire and have a long, scaly tail. In Europe, dragons are traditionally portrayed as ferocious beasts that represent the evils fought by human beings. But in Asia, especially in China and Japan, the animals are generally considered friendly creatures that ensure good luck and wealth.
Many European legends tell how a hero slew a dragon. For example, Apollo, a god of the ancient Greeks and Romans, once killed a dragon called Python. Saint George, the patron saint of England, rescued a princess from a dragon by slaying the beast with a lance.
According to some medieval legends, dragons lived in wild, remote regions of the world. Dragons guarded treasures in their dens, and a person who killed one supposedly gained its wealth. The English epic hero Beowulf died in a fight with a treasure-guarding dragon.
In China, the traditional New Year’s Day parade includes a group of people who wind through the street wearing a large dragon costume. The dragon’s image, according an ancient Chinese belief, prevents evil spirits from spoiling the New Year. Another traditional Chinese belief is that certain dragons have the power to control the rainfall needed for each year’s harvest.
For Works Cited List:
Author: Annice Rockwell
Title: The Illustrated Guide to Dragons
Place of Publication: Putnam, Connecticut – No longer needed
Publisher: Putnam Patriot Press
Date of Publication: 2016
Rockwell, Annice. The Illustrated Guide to Dragons. Putnam Patriot Press, 2016.
(Actually taken from: Ardagh, Philip. Chinese Myths & Legends. World Book, 2002.)

9. In-text Citation: Giving Credit to Mrs. Rockwell
An example of direct quotation with in-text citation:
According to mythology expert Annice Rockwell, “the dragon is a legendary beast in the folklore of many European and Asian cultures. Legends describe dragons as large, lizard-like creatures that breathe fire and have a long, scaly tail. In Europe, dragons are traditionally portrayed as ferocious beasts that represent the evils fought by human beings. But in Asia, especially in China and Japan, the animals are generally considered friendly creatures that ensure good luck and wealth” (Rockwell 14).
Works Cited List Entry:
Rockwell, Annice. The Illustrated Guide to Dragons. Putnam Patriot Press, 2016.

10. Works Cited List (or Bibliography)
Bagshot, Bathilda. History of Hogwarts. Hogsmeade: Scotland: Medieval Press, 1884.
Goldstein-Schultz, Martha. “The Living Gender Curriculum: Helping FCS Students Analyze Gender Stereotypes.” Journal of Family & Consumer Sciences, vol. 108, no. 3, 2016, pp doi: /JFCS
Jigger, Arsenives. Magical Beasts of Long Ago. Alchemy Publication, 1945.
Rockwell, Annice. The Illustrated Guide to Dragons. Putnam Patriot Press, Retrieved from Google Books, books.google.com/
Waffling, Adelbert. Exploring Monsters in History. Salem, MA: Witchworks Press, 1771.
“A World History of Monsters.” In Britannica Online. Retrieved from: school.eb.com/levels/high/article/31122

11. SUMMARY Allow enough time to work on papers and projects.
Always give attribution for words or ideas that didn’t originate with you.
Use quotation marks and proper citation when you copy text directly.
If you are paraphrasing, use your own words to express the idea and cite the source.
Better to err on the side of too much attribution than too little.