1. 15.3 Eastern City-States and Southern Empires
Africa Unit

2. Setting the Stage Aksum Part of the trade network
Traded with Arabia, Persia, India, and Rome

3. East Coast Trade Cities
Bantu tribes came to the area
Established farming & fishing villages
Grew into seaport cities
Bantu languages mixed with Arabic= Swahili
Persian moved into the area through the Horn
BROUGHT porcelain from China, jewels and cotton from India
BOUGHT ivory, gold, tortoise shells, etc.

4. The City-State of Kilwa
Ibn Battuta
1331 visited the region
Admired their society
Luxurious living

5. Portuguese Conquest
1488 rounded the tip of Africa looking for a seaport to India
Saw wealth and decided to conquer the region (used cannons)
Kept control of the ports for 200 years

6. Islamic Influences Muslim traders brought Islam & wealth
Enslavement of Africans
Since the 9th Century Arab Muslims exported enslaved persons (1,000 per year)
Sent them to markets in Arabia, Persia & Iraq
Taken to do domestic tasks, works as soldiers, dock workers, etc.
Number of slaves trafficked multiplied under the control of the Europeans

7. SOUTHERN AFRICA & GREAT ZIMBABWE
Gold and ivory helped the city-state grow
Great Zimbabwe
empire built on the gold trade by the Shona people
In 1000, founded on a well-watered plateau
Good for farming & raising cattle
Location had economic advantages
Stood near two trade routes
They were able to control trade
Taxed traders
Demanded payment from other chief for protection
Region was an economic, political, and religious center

8. Great Zimbabwe

9. Great Zimbabwe cont. 1450 it was abandoned for unknown reasons
Historians say it maybe due to
Worn out grasslands
Used up salt and timber
Could no longer support a large population
Our knowledge comes from their ruins
Karl Mauch, German explorer discovered the remains in 1871

10. The Mutapa Empire Mutota
left Great Zimbabwe in 1420 to find a new source of salt
Settled in the new Zimbabwe
Used the army to rule the Shona people
Forced people to pay to support the army

11. Mutapa Rulers
Mutota
Called mwene mutapa= “conqueror” or “master pillager”
Portuguese thought it was the name of a respected ruler
So they called the land the Mutapa Empire
His son took power after he died

12. Mutapa Empire Mined gold deposit in nearby rivers & streams
Sent gold to the coast in exchange for luxuries
Portuguese tried to conquer the area but were unsuccessful
Instead they help overthrow the leader

13. BEGINNING OF EUROPEAN INTERFERENCE IN AFRICAN AFFAIRS!!!