1. Bone structure

2. Osteon

3. Stem cells

4. Osteoclast progenitors

5. Osteoclast precursors

6. Osteoclasts

7. Osteoblasts

8. Osteocytes

9. Bone structure (1)

10. Bone structure (2)
New bone

11. Trabecular bone (1) Trabecular bone with resorption areas Normal
microcracks
Osteoporotic
trabecular
bone

12. Trabecular bone (2)

13. Bone remodeling cycle (1)
Endosteal sinus
Monocyte
Pre-osteoclast
Pre-osteoblast
Osteoclast
Osteoblast
Bone-lining cell
Osteocyte
Macrophage
Osteoid
New bone
Old bone

14. Bone remodeling cycle (2)
Endosteal sinus
Monocyte
Pre-osteoclast
Pre-osteoblast
Osteoclast
Macrophage
Osteoblast
Bone-lining cell
Osteocyte
Osteoid
New
bone
Old
bone

15. Bone remodeling cycle (3)
Pre-osteoblasts
Monocytes
Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Osteocytes

16. Bone dimensions
100%
700%
400%
Bone size (length and diameter) influences bone strength

17. Bone properties Bone mass Micro-architecture Connectivity
Intrasic properties

18. Hydroxyapatite (1)

19. Hydroxyapatite (2)

20. Osteoporosis

21. Bone biopsies
Osteoporotic bone
Newly formed bone

22. Osteons
Osteons
Osteons with microcracks