2. CT60A7001 CRITICAL THINKING IN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
Liars and outliers
Bruce Schneier
Chapters 2&3
Seminar 2
Nikita Vlasov

3. Natural history of security
Security has a long way with the development of humanity
Security is considered to be one of the basic needs and activities if a living being
Within feeding, killing and breeding
Security development is the on-going process that has not ended yet 1

4. Natural history of security
Is a way of organism defends itself in order to reproduce and deliver genes 1

5. Natural history of security
The Red Queen Effect
“It takes all the running you can do, to keep in the same place.” Lewis Caroll ‘Through the Looking-Glass’ 1

6. Natural history of security
The Red Queen Effect human edition:
Intelligence:
to outsmart not the world but each other
Murderousness:
intentional
regular
…‘excusable’ murder
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7. The evolution of cooperation
Defecting 1

8. The evolution of cooperation
Altruism is proven by:
People to be fair-minded and sacrifice their rewards to saty fair fiar before others
People want to punish unfairnes
People tend to follow cultural and social norms with all due respect to them
People try to be altruistic and fair with those who are a little more than strangers
However, it depends on external factors 1

9. The evolution of cooperation
Motives for being altruistic:
Being altruistic towards you means you will be altruistic towards me later.
Being altruistic towards you means my reputation as an altruistic individual will increase, and someone else will be altruistic towards me later.
Being altruistic towards you means that in a group whose members are altruistic to each other someone else will be altruistic towards me later.
Being altruistic towards you in a group whose members are altruistic to each other means that our group of altruists is more likely to survive than a group of non-altruists 1

10. Questions
Would you trust a person who is naturally programmed to compete with you?
Can altruism be a tool in a human competition?
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