1. On Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (ODMRP )
17 May 2018
On Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (ODMRP )
CSE 6590
Fall 2010

2. Types of Multicast Routing in MANETs
Tree-based
One path between a source-receiver pair
AMRoute, AMRIS, MAODV
Mesh-based
Multiple paths between a source-receiver pair
ODMRP, CAMP
Hybrid
Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP)

3. Typical Multicast Routing Protocols
AMRIS: Ad Hoc Multicast Routing Protocol Utilizing Increasing ID Numbers
National University of Singapore
Georgia Institute of Technology
November 1998 [draft]
ODMRP: On-demand Multicasting Routing Protocol
University of California at Los Angeles
January 2000 [draft]

4. Why compare them? AMRIS ODMRP Big difference Topology
Shared (Core-based) Tree
Mesh of Nodes
Main Similarity
Mobility support
Yes, based on MANET
Driven mode
On-demand, do not store whole network topology
Advantages
simple topology
low overheads
mobility
robustness
Disadvantages
sensitive to mobility (low delivery ratio)
complex topology
high overheads

5. ODMRP Multicast Messages:
JOIN-QUERY (J-Q);
JOIN-REPLY (J-R);
Similar to Route Request and Route Reply in AODV and DSR
Gives terminology about the algorithm

6. ODMRP: Sender Actions Sender actions: Downstream Upstream
Generate J-Q message;
Broadcast J-Q ;
Upstream
Receive J-R (include the path info);

7. ODMRP: Intermediate Nodes (downstream)
Intermediate node actions: (downstream)
Receive J-Q, omit duplicated ones (use cached sequence numbers);
Store upstream node info;
Re-broadcast J-Q;

8. ODMRP: Intermediate Nodes (upstream)
Intermediate node actions: (upstream)
Received J-R;
If node is on the path
Generate new J-R with node info and broadcast, route established!

9. ODMRP: Join Reply JOIN-REPLY message J-R of R1 J-R of I1 Sender
Next Node S1 I1 S2 I2
Sender
Next Node S1

10. ODMRP: Receiver Actions
Downstream
Received J-Q;
Generate J-R with path info;
Upstream
Broadcast J-R;

11. ODMRP: Maintenance phase
Soft state approach
Sender repeat J-R periodically to maintain mesh.
Node joins
Sending J-R as discusses before.
Node leaves
Sender: stops sending J-Q;
Receiver: stops sending J-R;
Links break
Receiver: receives new J-Q and replies with J-R;

12. Algorithm Comparison (1)
AMRIS
ODMRP
More differences
Multicast topology
Shared Delivery Tree
Mesh of Nodes
Initialization
Generating msm-id;
Store upstream info;
Maintenance
All nodes periodically send beacon message
Sender periodically send J-Q msg
Node joins
Detect beacon msg and perform branch reconstruction;
Detect J-Q and response J-R;
Node leaves
Stop beacon msg;
Stop J-R or J-Q;
Link-break
No more beacon msg and perform BR;
Receive new J-Q and reply with J-R;
More and more differences (message types, routing table info…)

13. Algorithm Comparison (2)
AMRIS and ODMRP
More Similarities
Mobility support
Yes, based on MANET
Driven mode
On-demand, does not store whole network topology
Broadcast message
Yes
Unicast capabilities
Periodic message
Loop free
More similarities …

14. Performance Comparison (1)
Packet Delivery Ratio as a function of mobile speed
# of data packets actually delivered to the destinations versus # of data packets supposed to be received
PDR of ARMIS is speed sensitive

15. Performance Comparison (2)
Packet Delivery Ratio as a function of # of senders
PDR of AMRIS is not sensitive to # of senders
ODRMP’s performance improves as number of senders increases

16. Performance Comparison (3)
Packet Delivery Ratio as a function of multicast group size
PDR of ODMRP is not sensitive to group size
AMRIS’s performance improves as group size grows

17. Performance Comparison (4)
Packet Delivery Ratio as a function of network traffic load
AMRIS has severe packet loss rates
ODMRP suffers less

18. Overhead Comparison (1)
Number of Control Bytes Transmitted Per Data Bytes Delivered as a function of mobility speed
Control bytes are control packets and data packet headers
Not speed sensitive
AMRIS has lower ratio

19. Overhead Comparison (2)
Number of Control Bytes Transmitted Per Data Bytes Delivered as a Function of # of Senders
AMRIS is not affected by number of senders
ODMRP may not be efficient in large networks

20. Qualitative Comparison
Bandwidth Consumption
ODMRP tends transmit more control bytes than AMRIS
However, ODMRP has higher packet delivery ratio
Power Consumption
Depends on mobility speed, number of senders, network traffic load, etc.
Not a problem for vehicle-based mobile nodes

21. References
“A Performance Comparison Study of Ad Hoc Wireless Multicast Protocols”, Sung-Ju Lee, William Su, Julian Hsu, Mario Gerla, and Rajive Bagrodia, Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM 2000
“Multicast over wireless mobile ad hoc networks: Present and future directions”, Carlos de Morais Cordeiro, Hrishikesh Gossain and Dharma P. Agrawal, IEEE Network, January 2003
“Exploring Mesh- and Tree Based Multicast Routing Protocols for MANETs”, Kumar Viswanath, Katia Obraczka and Gene Tsudik
“Capacity of Wireless Mesh Networks Understanding Single Radio, Dual Radio and Multi-Radio Wireless Mesh Networks”
“On the Turbulence of Nintendo DS and Sony PSP Handheld Network Games”, Mark Claypool