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Progression of Atomic Models

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Presentation on theme: "Progression of Atomic Models"— Presentation transcript:

1 Progression of Atomic Models
John Dalton Solid Sphere JJ Thompson Plum Pudding Model Rutherford Nuclear Atom Bohr Model Energy Levels Quantum Mechanics Electron-Cloud Model

2 Nucleus – Protons & Neutrons Electron Cloud - Electrons
Atomic Structure Nucleus – Protons & Neutrons Electron Cloud - Electrons

3 Subatomic Particles - Within the atom
Symbol Relative Charge Relative Mass Proton p+ +1 1 a.m.u. Neutron n0 Electron e- -1 ~ 0 a.m.u.

4 Atoms are Neutral! Structure of the Atom Nucleus – Protons + Neutrons
Atomic Number = the # of protons in the nucleus (identity of an atom) Mass Number = the sum total of protons + neutrons in the nucleus (mass of a single atom) Electron Cloud – Electrons Number of electrons = Number of protons Atoms are Neutral!

5 Fill in the Blanks! K 19 20 5 6 11 Na 23 Ne 10 16 Symbol Atomic Number
Protons Electrons Neutrons Mass Number K 19 20 5 6 11 Na 23 Ne 10 16

6 Name of Element Symbol Atomic Number Mass Number Protons Neutrons Electrons Copper Cu 29 64 35 Tin Sn 50 119 69 Iodine I 53 127 74 Uranium U 92 238 146 Potassium K 19 39 20 Lithium Li 3 7 4 Oxygen O 8 16 Gold Au 79 197 118 Sulfur S 32 Silver Ag 47 108 61 Chromium Cr 24 52 28

7 Co 59 32 27 Ni 28 Zinc 30 35 Al 14 13 Hg 80 201 Platinum 195 Fe 56 H 1 He 2 4 9

8 Mg 12 C 6 Silicon 14 Cl 17 18 Bi 209 83 Boron 5 11 Ca 20 25 55 Lead 207 82 Sodium Na Fluorine 9 10 P 15 31

9 Isotopes Elements with the same number of protons & different numbers of neutrons SAME ATOMIC NUMBER DIFFERENT MASS NUMBER

10 Neutrons = Mass Number - Atomic Number
Isotope Symbol A Mass Number X Element Symbol Z Atomic Number Neutrons = Mass Number - Atomic Number

11 Atomic Mass The average of the mass numbers based on the abundance of naturally occurring isotopes Always a decimal Carbon-12 98.90 % Carbon-13 1.099% Carbon-14 0.001%

12 Atomic Mass – Practice Hydrogen-1 99.99% Hydrogen-2 0.015% Nitrogen-14
99.63% Nitrogen-15 0.37% Sulfur-32 95.02% Sulfur-33 0.75% Sulfur-34 4.21% Sulfur-36 0.020% Copper-63 69.17% Copper-65 30.83%

13 Electron Configuration
Arrangement of electrons around the nucleus (in the electron cloud) Tells us how many electrons are in each energy level Valence Electrons The outside electrons

14 Ions Charged particles formed by gaining or losing electrons to form a noble gas electron configuration

15 Valence Electrons & Ions
Group Valence Electrons Gain or Lose e- Ion Formed 1 Lose 1 e- 1 + 2 Lose 2 e- 2 + 13 3 Lose 3 e- 3 + 14 4 EITHER 4 + OR 4 - 15 5 Gain 3 e- 3 - 16 6 Gain 2 e- 2 - 17 7 Gain 1 e- 1 - 18 8 DO NOT FORM IONS!!!

16 Atomic Theory Review John Dalton JJ Thompson Rutherford Bohr
Cathode Ray Experiment Rutherford Gold Foil Experiment Bohr Spectroscopy Proton, Neutron, Electron

17 Progression of Atomic Models
John Dalton Solid Sphere JJ Thompson Plum Pudding Model Rutherford Nuclear Atom Bohr Model Energy Levels Quantum Mechanics Electron-Cloud Model

18 Atomic Structure Review
Subatomic Particles mass, charge, location Atomic Number, Mass Number Numbers of protons, neutrons, electrons Isotopes Atomic Mass Calculations Electron Configuration, Valence Electrons Ions

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