1. The Florida Energy and Climate Commission (FECC)
Florida Clean Vehicle Emission Standards
Kelley L. Smith
Florida Energy and Climate Commission
Executive Office of the Governor

2. CO2 Emissions from Florida Vehicles
Transportation accounts for over 40 percent of the CO2 emissions in Florida.

3. CO2 Emissions from Florida Vehicles
Passenger cars and light-duty trucks account for nearly 2/3 of the transportation CO2 emissions.

4. Florida Gross Emissions Growth (MMtCO2e, Consumption Based)

5. Executive Order
Adoption of the California motor vehicle emission standards in Title 13 of the California Code of Regulations, upon approval by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency of the pending waiver, which includes emission standards for greenhouse gases, submitted by the California Air Resources Board
Reductions of greenhouse gas emissions from transportation sources are necessary, and it is equitable to seek such reductions because reductions in greenhouse gas emissions have already been initiated in other sectors such as power generation;

6. Adoption of Florida Clean Vehicle Emission Standards Rule
Greenhouse gas (GHG) from vehicles is primarily carbon dioxide (CO2)
Florida’s Clean Vehicle Emission Standards Rule (adopting California standards) is Florida’s only option under federal law to regulate GHG emissions from new passenger cars & light-duty trucks
No federal GHG standards exist
CO2 emissions are from fuel combustion. GHGs Impact global climate change.
Clean Air Act forbids states other than California from adopting their own state standards
Other states are allowed to adopt California standards (must be “identical”)
Must wait two model years before implementation would occur

7. Florida Clean Vehicle Emission Standards Rule
The purpose of the rule is to adopt emission standards for cars and light-duty trucks that
1) regulates tailpipe emissions
2) sets a fleet-wide average for GHG emissions
These regulations are set to achieve the “maximum feasible and cost effective reduction” in GHG emissions

8. Vehicles Subject to Clean Vehicle Emission Standards Rule
Passenger Cars
Medium-duty passenger vehicles
Less than 10,000 lbs gross vehicle weight
Designed for transporting persons
Light Duty Trucks
8500 lbs gross vehicle weight or less
Designed for transporting property
Examples of Medium Duty
Grand Cherokee, Explorer, Pathfinder
Examples of light duty trucks
F-150, Silverado 1500, Tacoma

9. Vehicles NOT subject to Clean Vehicle Emission Standards Rule
Medium-duty Trucks
Trucks over 8500 lbs gross vehicle weight that are not passenger vehicles
All trucks 10,000lbs gross vehicle weight and up
Emergency vehicles
Military vehicles
Custom-built vehicles
Vehicles designed exclusively for off-highway use
Examples of Medium duty
F-250, F-350, Silverado 2500, 3500, Tundra

10. Benefits of Florida Clean Vehicle Emission Standards Rule
Protects the environment
Improves energy security
Saves Floridians money
Proposed federal fuel economy (CAFE - miles per gallon – MPG) will apply nationwide. Higher MPG means less GHG.
California standards achieve more GHG reductions than fuel economy standards alone. Incremental improvement over fuel economy standards, with a small incremental additional initial vehicle cost.
CAFE stimulates production of flex-fuel vehicles, while California GHG standards encourage actual use of E85 (85% ethanol) fuel.
MPG standards, by themselves, discourage ethanol because ethanol has less energy per unit volume, so produces lower MPG, but emits less CO2. California GHG standards regulate CO2 emissions, not MPG, so favor ethanol usage with resulting decreased CO2 emissions.
Florida and California both support commercialization of cellulosic ethanol, which is important to the future of low carbon fuels.

11. Protects Our Environment
By 2016, the rule will have reduced Florida's greenhouse gas emissions by a cumulative total of approximately 23 million metric tons
This equates to approximately a 6% reduction of the total emissions from cars and light trucks through 2016
The effective date of the program may change, and the later the effective date, the smaller the cumulative benefit; this calculation is assuming the program start in Florida in For this slide the cumulative emissions were estimated to be approximately 350 MMT, so the percentage benefit is 23/350 x 100 = 6.6%. Because of uncertainties with projecting fuel consumption, we have rounded down the benefit to 6%.

12. Improves Energy Security
In 2013, Florida will save 440 million gallons of gasoline.
By 2016, Florida's gasoline consumption will be reduced by a total of 2.7 billion gallons.
Florida consumed 8.6 billion gallons of gasoline in 2005.
Projections of reductions in gasoline consumption are derived from California's projections, using an EIA factor for the relative consumption of gasoline between California and Florida.

13. Consumer savings
Near-term sticker price increase = $92 to $668 using existing, cost-effective technologies.
The payback on the initial investment is one to six years, depending on fuel prices and individual technologies.
The department’s economic analysis of September 5, 2008, assumed a cost of gasoline of $3.15/gallon, which showed a payback period of 1 to 3 years. Adjusting for the average price on January 12, 2009 of approximately $1.80/gallon, the payback period would increase to 1.75 to 5.25 years. The total range of payback estimated periods thus ranges from 1 to 6 years.

14. Rule Adoption Process for Florida Clean Vehicle Emission Standards
Three public workshops, starting in August 2007
Three briefings with the ERC starting June 2008
Two ERC rule adoption hearings: October 29 and December 2, 2008
ERC approved rule December 2, 2008
The Environmental Regulation Commission (ERC) is an independent, regulatory, citizen-member board appointed by the Governor. The ERC reviews and approves Dept. rules that establish environmental standards.

15. Next Steps
Approved by Joint Administrative Procedures Committee on January 23, 2009
Filing with the Secretary of State on January 26, 2009
Ratification by the Legislature
Statutory language reads, “If the [DEP] proposes to adopt the California motor vehicle emission standards, such standards shall not be implemented until ratified by the Legislature. …such rule modifications shall not be implemented until ratified by the Legislature.”