1. Physics at LHC
Extra dimensions
Composite quarks & leptons
…….?

2. LHC Collisions

3. Layout of LHC (Geneva, Switzerland)

4. Experiments at the LHC pp s = 14 TeV Ldesign = 1034 cm-2 s-1
Heavy ions (e.g. Pb-Pb at s ~ 1000 TeV)
TOTEM
ATLAS and CMS :
pp, general purpose
27 Km ring
1232 dipoles B=8.3 T
(NbTi at 1.9 K)
First Collisions 2007
Physics in 2008
ALICE :
heavy ions,
p-ions
LHCb :
pp, B-physics

5. CMS Detector CALORIMETERS IRON YOKE MUON ENDCAPS TRACKER
ECAL
HCAL
76k scintillating
PbWO4 crystals
Plastic scintillator/brass
sandwich
IRON YOKE
MUON
ENDCAPS
Cathode Strip Chambers (CSC)
Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC)
TRACKER
Pixels Silicon Microstrips
210 m2 of silicon sensors
9.6M channels
Superconducting Coil, 4 Tesla
MUON BARREL
Drift Tube
Resistive Plate
Chambers (DT)
Chambers (RPC)

6. Wisconsin on CMS at LHC Personnel: Activities:
Professors D. Carlsmith, S. Dasu, M. Herndon, W. Smith
Senior Scientist R. Loveless
Senior Electronics Engineer T. Gorski
Scientists P. Chumney, M. Grothe, A. Lanaro, A. Savin
Postdoc J. Efron
Computing Professionals: D. Bradley, A. Mohapatra, S. Rader
Engineer M. Jaworski, Technician R. Fobes
Grad Students: J. Leonard, M. Anderson, K. Grogg, J. Klukas, C. Lazaridis, M. Weinberg, M. Bachtis, L. Gray (& you?)
PSL Engineers F. Feyzi, J. Hoffman, P. Robl, D. Wahl, D. Wenman
PSL Draft/Tech: G. Gregerson, D. Grim, J. Pippin, R. Smith
Activities:
Calorimeter Trigger (W. Smith, CMS Trigger Coordinator)
Endcap Muon System (R. Loveless, CMS Endcap Muon Manager)
Computing/Physics (S. Dasu, US CMS Computing Adv. Bd, Chair)

7. Trigger & DAQ at the LHC

8. CMS Trigger & DAQ Systems
Detector Frontend
Computing Services
Readout
Systems
Filter
Event
Manager
Builder Networks
Level-1
Trigger
Run
Control
Level-1 Trigger Requirements:
Input: 109 events/sec at 40 MHz at full L = 1034
Output: 100 kHz (50 kHz for initial running)
Latency: 3 sec for collection, decision, propagation
Output direct to computer filter farm (no physical level-2)

9. Calorimeter Trigger Crate
One of MHz systems processing 0.4 Tbits/s.
Rear: Receiver Cards
Front: Electron, Jet, Clock Cards

10. Calorimeter Trigger Receiver Mezzanine Card (RMC) and Receiver Card (RC)
Front
Receives 64 Calorimeter energy sums every 25 ns using 8 Vitesse 1.2 Gbaud links on Receiver Mezzanine link Cards, sends to Jet/Summary Card
Adder
mezz
link
cards
Tech’n. R. Fobes (l.) & Eng’r. T. Gorski (r.) test links:
DC-DC
Back
Bar Code
PHASE
ASICs
BSCAN
ASICs
MLUs

11. Work on Calorimeter Trigger
Receiver
Mezz. Card
BSCAN
ASICs
Wisconsin scientists along with students are involved in:
Testing electronics cards
Writing real-time control and diagnostic software
Writing detailed hardware emulation
Physics simulation of trigger signals
Left:
Jet Summary Card back and front sides showing custom high-speed Wisconsin ASICs
Asst. Scientists P. Chumney (l.) and M. Grothe (r.) test JSC:
Sort
ASICs
BSCAN
Phase
ASIC

12. UW built the endcap disks

13. UW installs the chambers
Dr. Dick Loveless is the Endcap Muon Construction project manager
Dr. Armando Lanaro is the manager in charge of installation
L to R: F. Feyzi, D. Wenman, A. Lanaro
J. Johnson, M. Giardoni, “Regis”, Y. Baek

14. UW aligns the Chambers ME+2 Student Jeff Klukas
Ref. DCOPS
Student Jeff Klukas
Crosshair
Laser
Z-sensors
Z-tube
Chamber
Back
Clinometer
Chamber DCOPS’s
Transfer
Plate
Mounting
Tower
Transfer
Line
DCOPS
R-sensor
ME+2
Prof. Duncan Carlsmith leads Alignment task Force

15. UW CMS Physics Activities
Wide-ranging physics interest and expertise in the group
Analysis efforts coming to forefront as detector work finishes
Ensure trigger systems operate at full performance at turn-on
We studied simulated Higgs, SUSY, SM EW and QCD datasets
Designed trigger systems that capture all the important physics efficiently while satisfying DAQ bandwidth requirements
Design triggers for physics channels that are new to CMS
Diffractive Higgs (Hbb), Vector boson fusion Higgs (Hbb)
Full simulation and analysis for low mass Higgs
Above channels and other VBF, Htt, HWW*
Physics, Reconstruction & Software
Dasu is co-leader of PRS Online Selection Group
Updating trigger emulation and developing trigger validation tools
Accumulate large physics samples  our computing effort

16. LHC Start: Higgs Production/Decay
Prefer to characterize decay and production in terms of a matrix rather than a list. Each yes indicates there is a study from either CMS or ATLAS or both with a reference note on the particular combination.
Low-mass search :
H →  and H → ZZ* → 4ℓ only channels with a mass peak, very good mass resol. ~1%.
H → WW* → 2ℓ 2( GeV) high rate, no mass peak, good understanding of SM bkg. needed
 Decay / Production 
Inclusive
VBF
WH/ZH
ttH
H → γγ
YES
H → bb
H → tt
H → WW*
H → ZZ*, Zℓ+ℓ-, ℓ=e

17. UW Higgs Physics Studies
Invariant Mass of Highest-Et Pair Photon Candidates
Higgs Mass 120 GeV
Study by summer student Mike Anderson
GeV
-1.5 < h < 1.5

18. CMS Computing - Tier-2 Tier 0 Tier 1 Tier 2
CERN/Outside Resource Ratio ~1:2 Tier0/( Tier1)/( Tier2) ~1:1:1
~PByte/sec
Online System
~ MBytes/sec
Experiment
CERN Center PBs of Disk; Tape Robot
Tier 0
Tier 1
IN2P3 Center
RAL Center
FNAL Center
INFN Center
10 Gbps
Tier 2
Wisconsin
Florida
Caltech
UCSD
Tier-2 Resources in Open Science Grid
Compute Servers ~500 CPUs per Tier-2 Bulk of MC Simulation
Physics User Support ~100 Users per Tier-2
Physics data cache ~200 TB storage per Tier-2

19. UW Computing Activities
Rader, Radtke [DOE Task T] & Bradley, Maier, and Mohapatra [NSF] Support
A CMS Tier-2 computer center from FY2005
Data-Intensive Science University Network (DISUN) institute
Leadership in Grid Community
OSG - Open Science Grid (develop tools and provide cycles)
GLOW - Grid Laboratory of Wisconsin (Lead role in development and implementation with CS Condor group to benefit entire UW campus: IceCube, CS, Genomics, Chem. Eng., Med. Phys., etc., 1400 CPUs)
Benefits both CMS and ATLAS + Computing support for all DOE tasks
UW Tier-2 Facility:
547 kSI2000 CPU (x2 32x8-way new) & again in Fall
428 batch slots (+256 new) & again in Fall
90 TB raw storage mostly (+ 90 TB new) & “ “
10 Gbps bandwidth network (via 100G to WAN)
24h/7d operation
~200 user accounts (CMS Worldwide)
Rader and Radtke support benefits all tasks, not just Task T
Help leverage NSF supported Tier-2, GLOW & OSG resources by all

20. CPU: Over 4.7 M hours served
Used by CMS, and others
Used locally and over the grid
OSG (all)
CMS anal
CMS
OSG (all)
CMS prod
ATLAS
Phenomenology
CMS prod
local
Opportunistic users get 25% of CPU
Efficient utilization by sharing with world
Local Users

21. UW Computing Performance
UW continues to be the single largest provider of simulated events, amongst all CMS institutions
Key to success in period was our middleware product called Jug, which was developed by our NSF ITR supported software engineer, Dan Bradley
CMS moved to new software (CMSSW)
2006 developments for computing resources management
Adaptation of ProdAgent to Open Science Grid
New scheduler, computing-on-demand
Contributions to Condor, OSG and ROOT projects
CMS production responsibility on OSG was assigned to UW Assoc. Res. Ajit Mohapatra, who had successfully run the previous production
65 M fully simulated
08/ /2005
86 M reconstructed
08/ /2005
100M fully simulated in new CMSSW
08/2006-Now
Use all of OSG

22. Grad Student Timeline 2007-2009: 2009-2010: 2011-2012: Classes
Qualifier
Prelim on LHC Physics Topic :
Move to CERN!
Work on CMS trigger, muon or tracking systems
Collect data for thesis
Start thesis physics analysis :
Complete thesis physics analysis on new discovery!
Write thesis & graduate