1. Let’s Talk:
What is the greatest speech you have ever heard? This could be historical or from a film. What makes that speech so memorable for you?

2. Rhetoric of War

3. Rhetoric
Rhetoric: the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, especially the use of figures of speech and other compositional techniques.
Rhetorical Devices:
Repetition
Diction
Allusion
Tone
Ethos, Logos, Pathos
There are dozens of rhetorical devices, but we will focus on these during our annotations today.

4. Elements of an Argument:
The hook is an opening that grabs the reader’s attention and establishes a connection between the reader and the writer.
The claim is a clear and straightforward statement of the writer’s belief and what is being argued.
Concessions and refutations are restatements of arguments made by the other side (concessions) and the writer’s arguments against those opposing viewpoints (refutations) and why the writer’s arguments are more valid.
Support is the reasoning behind the argument. Support can include evidence as well as logical and emotional appeals (logos and pathos). It may also anticipate objections and provide reasoning to overcome those objections.
Summary/Call to action, which is a closing statement with a final plea for action.

5. Other Rhetorical Strategies:
Repetition: using the same words frequently to emphasize a message or point
Parallelism: is repetition of the same pattern of words/phrases and grammatical structure within a sentence or passage to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance; may create a sense of rhythm and momentum
**All parallelism is repetition, but not all repetition is parallelism!**
“Ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country.”  John F. Kennedy   
“Great minds discuss ideas. Average minds discuss events. Small minds discuss people.” Eleanor Roosevelt
Analogy: a comparison in which the subject is compared point by point to something far different, usually with the idea of clarifying the subject by comparing it to something familiar

6. Let’s watch FDR’s speech

7. War Rhetoric - FDR We will annotate FDR’s speech together.
Let’s look for different rhetorical devices that he incorporates in his speech to Congress.
Rhetorical Devices:
Repetition
Diction
Allusion
Tone
Ethos, Logos, Pathos, Kairos

8. Let’s watch Bush’s 9/11 speech:

9. For Homework:
Annotate Bush’s speech AND Vanbruuker-Brown’s speech and answer the provided questions. You also need to answer the questions about all three speeches.
Look for different rhetorical devices that both Bush and Vanbruuker-Borwn incorporates in their speeches to the American people.
Rhetorical Devices:
Diction
Allusion
Tone
Repetition or Parallelism
Ethos, Logos, Pathos, Kairos