1. Base units are: Meter – length Liter – volume Gram - mass
Science Measurement
SI units, adapted from the metric system, are used in science
Base units are:
Meter – length
Liter – volume
Gram - mass
Science STAAR Need to Know

2. Science STAAR Need to Know
Types of Graphs - LINE
Different types of graphs are used to show different relationships between data
Line graphs – show continuous change
Quantitiy
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3. Science STAAR Need to Know
Types of Graphs - BAR
Different types of graphs are used to show different relationships between data
Bar graphs – compare two measured variables (show differences)
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4. Science STAAR Need to Know
Types of Graphs- PIE
Different types of graphs are used to show different relationships between data
Pie graphs – show percentages
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5. Democritus named the atom
2,500 years ago, the Greek philosopher Democritus, decided that matter was made up of tiny, indivisible units called “atoms”.
8.3E
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6. Science STAAR Need to Know
Spring Scale
Measure WEIGHT in Newtons
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7. Graduated Cylinder and Beaker
Both measure volume in mL, but the graduated cylinder is more precise.
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8. Science STAAR Need to Know
Meniscus
"A characteristic of liquids in glass containers is that they curve at the edges. This curvature is called the meniscus. You measure the level at the horizontal center or inside part of the meniscus. With water in glass, the meniscus will curve up at the edges and down in the center. Always read the bottom of the meniscus."
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9. Science STAAR Need to Know
Triple Beam Balance
Measures MASS in GRAMS
Always carry this with 2 hands!
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10. Science STAAR Need to Know
Microscope
Calculate total magnification by multiplying the power of the eye lens X the power of the objective lens
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11. Science STAAR Need to Know
Goggles
Protective plastic goggles are worn during experiments to keep your eyes safe.
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12. Science STAAR Need to Know
Telescope
Used to view far away objects, like stars and planets.
Contains lenses or mirrors to magnify distant objects.
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13. Science STAAR Need to Know
Test Tube
A glass tube used to hold or heat substances. Never point the open end of a test tube at anyone!
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14. Science STAAR Need to Know
Hot plate
An electrical plate used to heat substances in a lab investigation. Always protect yourself!
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15. Science STAAR Need to Know
Meter Stick
A ruler marked in millimeters, centimeters & meters used to measure length.
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16. Science STAAR Need to Know
Petri Dish
A round, flat dish with a cover that is used to grow microorganisms in the lab.
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17. Science STAAR Need to Know
Thermometer
Measures temperature in degrees Celsius (oC)
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18. Science STAAR Need to Know
Anemometer
A weather instrument used to measure wind speed.
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19. Science STAAR Need to Know
Barometer
Weather instrument that measures atmospheric pressure. Changes in barometric pressure usually indicate a change in weather.
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20. Science STAAR Need to Know
Dissecting Equipment
Equipment such as a scalpel, forceps & dissecting probe used to cut open and examine preserved specimens or to take apart a flower.
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21. Science STAAR Need to Know
Independent Variable
The MANIPULATED or CHANGED factor in an experiment. This is the variable controlled by the person doing the experiment.
Ex: You may change the amount of water you give a plant or the amount of fertilizer applied to soil.
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22. Science STAAR Need to Know
Dependent Variable
The outcome or RESULT of manipulating or changing the independent variable.
What happens to the dependent variable is the EFFECT of what the experimenter does to the independent variable
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23. Science STAAR Need to Know
Inferences
Conclusions that go beyond the facts
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24. Science STAAR Need to Know
Promotional Claim
A statement used to sell a product or service. Can sometimes be misleading, so you need to understand basic science facts to be able to evaluate how valid the information is.
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25. Science STAAR Need to Know
Valid conclusion
Valid results are those that are well-supported by evidence. When scientific findings are evaluated, a scientist looks for reliable and accuracy. Multiple trials, or sets of data, give us more reliable and valid information.
VALID results are REPRODUCIBLE – they can be recreated by other scientists.
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26. Topographic map (Contour map)
Special kind of map that shows the height or elevation of land areas.
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27. Contour lines & intervals
Lines that represent equal elevation
Contour intervals
The space between the contour lines- The smaller the space (closer the lines) the steeper the slope.
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28. Science STAAR Need to Know
Models
A diagram or an object that represents something else & demonstrates how it works.
Models aren’t exactly the same as what they represent so they have limitations and can always be improved.
Questions to ask about models-
How closely does it resemble what it represents?
What does the model show?
How might the model be improved?
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