1. Alexander the Great: Conqueror of the World

2. Important People in Alexander’s Life
Phillip II – His Father
Olympias – His Mother
Darius III – King of Persia
Roxanne – His wife
Parmenio – Main General
Cleitus – Best Friend

3. The Life of Alexander the Great
Spring 334 B.C. – Alexander leaves Macedonia and goes to Anatolia (Asian part of Turkey)
1st Battle with Persians at the River Granicus

4. Battle of the River Granicus
25,000 Macedonians vs. 40,000 Persians and Greeks
Greeks are used by Persians as the main fighting force
18,000 Greeks die; only 120 Macedonians

5. Gordian Knot After Granicus, Alexander goes to Gordian
Challenges the Gordian Knot
Untie the knot and control Asia
Alexander unties the knot

7. Battle of Issus Autumn 333 B.C. Mt. pass in Syria
Darius III’s army is greatly outnumbered by Alexander
Persians destroyed

9. Siege of Tyre Summer and Winter of 332 B.C. Tyre = Island city
Alexander builds a land bridge to reach it

11. Alexander in Egypt Dec. 332 B.C.
2 things
1). Founds the city of Alexandria in N. Egypt
Named after himself
2).From Alexandria, visits Siwa (Temple of Zeus-Ammon)
Priests proclaim Alexander a god there

12. Battle of Gaugamela Oct. 1 331 B.C. Alexander vs. Darius III
Alexander’s Greatest Victory
Wins b/c he defeats the Scythed or War Chariot
Mouse Trap
Caltrap

16. Gaugamela 47,000 Macedonians 100,000 Persians
10,000 Persian Immortals (always 10,000)
Bodyguards

18. Alexander and Persepolis
Alexander is proclaimed king at Babylon
Still wants Persian Empire and Darius III
Darius III is found dead on the side of the road
Killed by his own mean
Alexander is furious
Burns Persepolis

19. Alexander and World Culture
Great respect for culture
Alexander wears Persian clothes, his men marry Persian Women, has Persian officers in his army, puts his face on the money
Reasons:
1). No Revolts
2). Believes all cultures have value

20. Alexander with the horns of Ammon

22. Central Asia Obsessed w/ conquering the world
Crosses the Hindu-Kush Mountains, 1st ever
Conquers Afghanistan (Bactria in the ancient world)
Takes a wife, Roxanne
Roxanne is Bactrian

23. Alexander kills his friend Cleitus in Bactria

24. India Macedonians move into India Campaign ends there
Battle of the Hydapses River
Alexander the Great vs. King Porus

25. Hydapses River Porus had elephants
1st time Europeans had seen elephants
Alex wins, but it is bloody

26. Alexander’s Empire

27. The End of Alexander Alexander cannot take all of India
Men had enough; demand to go back
Alexander catches a fever on his way back
Dies in Babylon in 323 B.C.

29. Diving the Empire Alexander had a son by Roxanne (Alexander IV)
Macedonians do not want an Afghan king
Empire is divided between 3 generals
1). Ptolemy – Egypt
2). Seleucid – Persia
3). Antigonus and Demterius – Greece
Alexander’s son is murdered

30. The Ancient World After Alexander

31. Quelling Rebellion
Alexander’s Former generals need to establish their power
Demetrius the Besieger uses this….

32. Helepolis – “The Taker of Cities”

33. Helepolis Name means “The Taker of Cities”
Invented Demetrius the Conqueror
A massive siege tower used during the siege of Rhodes
130 ft. high, 65 feet wide
Divided into 9 stories
Each story equipped w/ a catapult

34. Hellenic Age Period of great Greek influence following Alexander
Empire spread Greek Culture