1. Scientific Skills

2. I. The Scientific Method
There are 7 steps in the Scientific Method.

3. b. Steps to the scientific Method
Ask a Question
Do Background Research
Construct Hypothesis
Test with an experiment
Analyze Results and Draw Conclusion
Hypothesis true Hypothesis False
Report Results

4. I. The Scientific Method
c. Terms i. Hypothesis: An educated guess ii. Control Group: The group that does not change iii. Experimental Group: The group that does change iv. Independent Variable: The item the scientist is changing (what changes in each experiment v. Dependent Variable: The item being measured vi. Data: The information gathered

5. I. The Scientific Method
d. Example Problem i. A study was done to find if different tire treads affect the braking distance of a car. 1. What is the Independent Variable? 2. What is the Dependent Variable? 3. Write the hypothesis for this experiment.

6. I. The Scientific Method
ii. Students measured the temperature of the water at different depths in Lake Skywalker and found that the temperature varied. 1. What is the independent variable? 2. What is the dependent variable? 3. Write the hypothesis for this experiment.

7. I. The Scientific Method
iii. Do this third example problem with your seat partner. 1. Write your hypothesis for this experiment 2. What is the control group 3. what is the experimental group 4. what is the independent variable 5. what is the dependent variable

8. II. Measurements in Science
Metric System
i. This system is based on the number 10
ii. Metric system units and ways to remember
b. Converting within the metric system.
i. when moving from larger to smaller units, move decimal to the right
ii. When moving from smaller to larger units, move decimal to the left

9. II. Measurements in Science
iii. Examples 1. My cats tail is 33 cm long, how long is it in millimeters? 2. It is 1,142 km from Sarasota to New Orleans. How far is it in decimeters? 3. Carol picked up a rock that weighed 16 dkg. What does it weigh in centigrams?

10. II. Measurements in Science
c. Measurements we use in science i. Mass: amount of matter in an object 1. Basic unit of mass: grams 2. Mass will never change for an object ii. Weight: force of gravity pushing down on an object 1. Weight will change depending on gravity iii. Length: distance from one point to another 1. Basic unit of length: meters

11. II. Measurements in Science
iv. Density: amount of matter in a given volume 1. Basic unit: grams per centimeters cubed (g/cm3 ) 2. Density of water is 1 g/cm3 a. Anything less will float b. Anything more will sink v. Volume: amount of space an object takes up 1. Basic unit: Liters for liquids and cm3 for solids

12. II. Measurements in Science
2. How to find Volume of rectangular solid. a. Equation: length x width x height 3. How to find volume of an irregular solid a. Measure from the meniscus, which is the bend in the water

13. III. Graphing Bar Graphs: used for one set of data
i. Things to remember about bar graphs
1. Always label your axis
2. Always give your graph a title
3. They must be in black and white
4. Be sure there are spaces between each bar
5. Number axis should go at least two above

14. III. Graphing
d. Line graphs: used to show change over time i. Things to remember about line graphs 1. Time is ALWAYS on x-axis 2. Must be black and white 3. Label all axis’ 4. give title