1. Aerobic vs. Anaerobic respiration

2. Objectives: Review the two types of anaerobic respiration.
Explain the specific steps of alcohol & lactic acid fermentation.
Compare & contrast aerobic & anaerobic respiration.

3. Aerobic respiration requires oxygen.
Oxygen present

4. Alcohol fermentation converts pyruvate into ethyl alcohol.
Glucose
NAD+
2 ATP
2 Pyruvate
NADH e
CO2
NAD+ C
2 Ethyl alcohol

5. Yeast use alcohol fermentation to break down glucose when oxygen is absent.
Produces CO2 and alcohol
Live yeast: undergoing anaerobic fermentation
Breaking down glucose to form 2ATP
Dead yeast: cannot undergo anaerobic fermentation
Proteins necessary for reaction broken down due to change in temperature.
Enzymes (proteins) only work at specific temperatures!

6. Alcohol fermentation is used to make wine, beer, & bread.
CO2 helps bread rise
Alcohol production for wine & beer

7. Glycolysis does not require oxygen.
Glucose
NAD+
2 ATP
2 Pyruvate
NADH
When O2 continues
on with cellular respiration
to be converted into
Acetyl CoA

8. When oxygen is absent, anaerobic respiration occurs.
Two types:
Alcohol fermentation
Lactic acid fermentation
Both utilize glycolysis to produce ATP
Make very little ATP, 2 per glucose

9. Lactic acid fermentation turns pyruvate into lactic acid.
Glucose
NAD+
2 ATP
2 Pyruvate
NADH e
NAD+
2 Lactic acid

10. Lactic acid fermentation causes muscles to burn during exercise.
When exercise too much or too
quickly muscles use lactic acid
fermentation.
Build up of acid causes muscles
to burn.
Occurs in animals

11. Similarities & differences between anaerobic aerobic respiration.
Uses glycolysis to produce ATP
Produces 2 ATP per glucose
Does not require oxygen
Occurs in prokaryotes
Uses glycolysis, Kreb cycle, & electron transport chain to produce ATP
Produces ATP per glucose
Requires oxygen
Occurs in eukaryotes

12. Key points
Anaerobic respiration can be used when oxygen isn’t available to allow production of ATP.
Anaerobic respiration has many commercial applications.
Aerobic respiration is more efficient at producing ATP but its requires oxygen.