1. Extending the life of essential sub surface assets
A practical approach to guarantee structural competence in pipeline and culvert rehabilitation
Peter Marchant
ITS Pipetech Pty Ltd

2. What ? Why ? How ? A B Investigate Define scope C
Investigate the issues
Understand the problem B
Define the outcome
Provide the information C
Understand the Value not the Cost
What ? Why ? How ?
Investigate
Define scope

3. Define the Structural requirements
Class I Lining
Non Structural
Water Quality – Internal Protection
Class II Lining
Semi Structural
Close fit & Interactive, spans small holes and cracks
Class III Lining
Semi Structural – Composite with Host
Generally burst pressure is less than MAOP
Class IV Lining
Fully Structural – Independent of Host
Will survive catastrophic Host failure
Structural: A liner that renews the deteriorated pipe's structural and hydraulic capacity. These linings have a developed ring stiffness that is self-supporting and capable of accommodating active and passive loadings without any development of the host pipe. Stronger than MAOP
Non-Structural: This form of rehabilitation for repairing deteriorated pipelines to prevent further deterioration. These linings are unable to support loading without harnessing the aid of the strength of the host pipe and are as such classified as composites or quality improvement linings. Typical examples are spray lining of water mains, or grout sealing of cracked or leaking sewers Not able to take MAOP without strength from host
AWWA M28 Rehabilitation of Water mains

4. Trenchless Technologies available
Considerations
Location
Access
Ground
Size
Loading
Life expectancy
3rd Party Issues
Options
Fold form “Rolldown”
Slipline
Pressureline
Sprayed Lining
CIPP
Wound ribbon lining
Insitu Cast lining

5. Pre Design Considerations
Size and condition of the host pipe
Degree of deterioration and integrity of the host pipe and associated structures
Condition, number and frequency of branch connections
Active and passive loading
Design life expectancy
Soil and backfill condition
Presence of Voiding
Ground water regime
Location, proximity and access
Chemical and fire resistance
Future use and requirements

6. Sliplining
Discrete Slipline
Continuous Slipline

7. Sliplining Disadvantages Advantages Loss of Cross Sectional Area
Suitable for wide range of pipe
Diameters 100 to 3000 m
Several Materials
HDPE
Fiber Glass
Concrete
PVC
Cheap & quick to install
Disadvantages
Loss of Cross Sectional Area
Reduced hydraulic performance
Launch and reception pits required
Dig downs on lateral connections
Not suitable for bends
Requires grout to fill gap between liner and host

8. Pressureline Advantages
Ability to install long sections in one operation
Quick
Maximises available pipe diameter
Flow capacity close to original pipeline design
Chemically resistant to most substances
Caters for high pressure pipelines and rising mains
High ware resistance
Disadvantages
Surface excavation is required for connection of laterals
Not suitable for curved sections of pipe
Not all HDPE pipe is suitable for reduction – dependent on the resin component
Can incur long term pipe damage if not undertaken properly

9. CIPP Cured in Place Pipe
Pull in Place lining
Inversion lining

10. CIPP Cured in Place Pipe - Inversion
Disadvantages:
Susceptible to wrinkling and cross sectional irregularity if pre-lining repairs insufficient
Is only able to line to the smallest section of deformity present inside the existing pipe
Not suitable for severely deformed pipe
Bypass pumping usually needed
Limited ability to accommodate pipe diameter variations
Reliant on host pipe strength for composite design
Carcinogenic by-products from curing process
Top hat lateral connections reduce lining diameter even further
Low ring stiffness
Slow curing times
Advantages:
Close fit liner minimises loss of pipe bore on main lining
Installed without surface excavation
Suitable for non-circular shapes
Longest international track record for close fit liners
Handles pipeline curves- vertical and horizontal to 22 degrees
50-year design life

11. CIPP Cured in Place Pipe – Expansion
Advantages:
Close fit expansion liner minimises loss of pipe bore
Installed without surface excavation
Suitable for non-circular shapes
Longest international track record for close fit liners
Handles most pipeline curves- vertical and horizontal to 45 degrees
Top hat seals are not required for lateral connections
Very strong ring stiffness able to support SM1600 loading
Quick curing times
No residual contaminates from curing process
Structurally stand alone
75-year design life
Able to accommodate high levels of deformity in existing pipelines

12. Rolldown – Fold and Form
Advantages:
Close fit liner minimises loss of pipe bore
Typically installed without digging
Will accommodate slow radius bends
Installation may be possible without bypass pumping
Disadvantages:
Groundwater and infiltration can affect success of liner reversion
Shrinkage can be a problem after installation (particularly for polyethylene liners)
Susceptible to cross-sectional irregularities if pre-lining repairs not sufficient
Surface excavation required for lateral connections
Long term stress in liner pipe 

13. Spiral Wound Liners

14. Spiral Wound Liners Advantages:
Can be installed without an overflow pumping system
Diameter can vary according to the actual diameter of the host pipe
Circular cross section so does not take shape of deteriorated host pipe
No shrinkage after installation
Can be installed from existing access points
Disadvantages:
Requires structural grout to seal the gap between the lining and the host
Mechanical expansion joints not assured of achieving a regular shape
Requires top hats insertion for lateral connections that reduced internal diameter and creates steps inside the lining
Limited ability to line around bends
Requires uniform compacted backfill around existing pipe which if severely deteriorated may affect design assumptions

15. Cast Insitu Reinforced Concrete Lining

16. Cast Insitu Reinforced Concrete Lining
Advantages:
Can be installed without an overflow pumping system
Diameter and profile can vary according to the actual diameter of the host pipe or culvert
Suitable for all non-circular profiles
Fully structural and independent of the host structure
Can accommodate changes of shape
Can accommodate bends of any degree and radius
Can be installed in vertical, inclined or horizontal aspects
No shrinkage after installation
120-year design life
Can be designed to take any loading with minimal cover
Design for profiles from 1200mm to 9000mm
Requires minimal surface access- (every 800m)

17. Take home message
Renewal of pipelines, conduits and culverts no longer requires the use of open cut replacement methods
Cost effective structural rehabilitation solutions meeting AS5100, AS3600 AS3725 & AS2566 standards
Repair methods allow for continued use of assets, negating a need for lengthy shut down periods, reducing community impact
Reduced carbon footprint- Less surface movement
Lower cost repair methods with less waste and less environmental and less community impact

18. Thank you for your attention
Questions?