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Changing Roles of Women
Islip Polo Club
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Samantha & Josiah Marietta Holley Humorist The Woman Question
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Equality Debate Vote Control: Private Property & Income
Higher Education Professional Jobs Thoughts: social order & femininity Farm & house, essential Young Migrated Rural Cities/ Factories Roles Reform education, labor relations, & public health
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Housework Physically demanding Time consuming
Technological era - less Physically demanding Time consuming 1908: 18 – 27 hours cleaning house (weekly) Fewer urban women Made homemade bread & butchered meats Canned foods: More cereals & factory made biscuits Ready made clothing Less homemade Shopped more
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From Producer to Consumer
Time spent Purchasing Furnishing Not producing Advertised to women Rural Free Delivery 1896 Farmers Petitioned congressmen 1905 32,000 routes Mail-Order Catalog Printed materials Advertising goods Purchased through mail Largest Catalogs Montgomery Ward Sears Roebuck and Company
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Expansion! Lighting Transportation Manufactured goods
Urban populations Led to Department Stores Large retail establishments Variety Marshall Fields, Chicago Macy’s, New York City Rise of chain stores F.W. Woolworth Brand names
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Work Society: careers & marriage don’t mix Single: rising married
1/8 over 10 outside home Society: careers & marriage don’t mix Single: rising married Domestic Work Important source, income Live-In Servants House jobs Supporting families elsewhere Income less than men Educated: nurse & teacher Women’s Colleges Typewriter!
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Volunteering Clubs & Associations Intellectual Social
Studied interests Gave talks Hard Lectures Example: New England Women’s Club Established libraries, playgrounds Invaluable experience Speaking Writing Finance Self Confidence Public Life
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New Ideas Shorter hair Hemlines Skirts & blouses Conveniences!
Courting & marriage customs changed Dates no supervision Higher expectations Divorce rate rose Margaret Sanger knowledge of birth control RIGHT TO VOTE walks of unite
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Answers- 8. New England Woman’s Club Department store
9. Shorter hair 10. Divorce 11. Vote 12. Shopping 13. Macys 14. Domestic Work 15. Roles of women Department store Rural Free Delivery Mail Ordering Catalog The Woman Question Samantha & Josiah Allen Live-In Servants Typewriter
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