1. DO NOW: Geography Quiz
Summarize your feelings about the geography quiz yesterday. Were you prepared? If not, what will you do differently in the future?

2. CULTURE
WHAT IS IT?
- THE SYSTEM OF SHARED BELIEFS, VALUES, CUSTOMS, BEHAVIORS, AND ARTIFACTS THAT MAKE UP A SOCIETY
- “ENTIRE WAY OF LIFE”
- CULTURE IS PASSED FROM GENERATION TO GENERATION THROUGH LEARNING

3. CULTURE TERMS
CULTURAL DIFFUSION – THE SPREADING OF A CULTURAL TRAIT (OBJECT, BEHAVIOR, OR IDEA) FROM ONE SOCIETY TO ANOTHER
- CULTURE CAN DIFFUSE THROUGH WAR OR TRADE

5. NORMS – DEFINE WHAT IS GOOD AND BAD IN A SOCIETY
- MOST NORMS VARY FROM CULTURE TO CULTURE
- A NORM THAT IS ACCEPTED BY ONE CULTURE OR SOCIETY MAY NOT BE ACCEPTED BY ANOTHER
- UNIVERSAL NORMS – A NORM THAT ALL CULTURE HAVE IN COMMON
EX: HELPING PEOPLE IN NEED OR FIGHTING CRIME

6. EXAMPLES OF NORMS

7. ENCULTURATION – THE PROCESS IN WHICH AN ESTABLISHED CULTURE/SOCIETY TEACHES AN INDIVIDUAL THE ACCEPTED NORMS OF THAT CULTURE IN ORDER TO BECOME AN ACCEPTED MEMBER,
- WHO ARE PEOPLE ENCULTURATED BY?
PARENTS, FRIENDS, TEACHERS, COACHES, ETC.

8. HOW IS THIS ENCULTURATION?

9. 4. SOCIALIZATION – GENERAL PROCESS OF ACQUIRING A CULTURE.
FOR INSTANCE:
THE LANGUAGE,
SHARED BELIEFS AND
TRADITIONS/CUSTOMS

10. 5. ETHNOCENTRISM – THE BELIEF THAT ONE’S CULTURE IS SUPERIOR TO ALL OTHERS

11. The 7 Elements of Culture

12. Social Organization Purpose: Organize to help for survival
Social Classes (By Income, Occupation, etc)
Social mobility: ability to move classes
Family Structure
Nuclear (Mother, Father, Children)
Extended (Nuclear plus other relatives, such as aunts, uncles, grandparents)
Matriarchal (mother) v. patriarchal (father): head of family

13. Customs & Traditions Purpose: Teaches the rules of behavior
What is right/wrong in a given society
Taboo—proscribed by society as improper or unacceptable

14. Language
Purpose: Communication
All have spoken language

15. Arts & Literature
Purpose: teaches values and entertains

16. Religion
Purpose: Answer the basic questions about life (What is my purpose? Why am I here? Where did I come from? Where do I go when I die?)
Monotheism = Belief in ONE God
Polytheism = Belief in MANY Gods/Goddesses
***Will cover in more detail***

17. Government Purpose: Provide for common needs & protection
Monarchy = supreme power or sovereignty held by a single person
Democracy = power held directly by the people
Republic = supreme power rests in the body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by representatives chosen directly or indirectly by them
Dictatorship = ruler who has absolute, unrestricted control in a government without hereditary succession
***Will cover in more detail***

18. Economic Systems
***Will cover in more detail***
Purpose: regulates use of resources based on people’s unlimited wants
Who answers 3 Basic Questions:
1) What goods/services should we produce?
2) How should we produce them?
3) For Whom should we produce them?
Traditional
Market
Command
Mixed

19. Economic Systems
Traditional Economy: people produce most of what they need to survive (hunting, gathering, farming, herding cattle, make own clothes/tools)
Market Economy: buying and selling goods and services
Command Economy: Government controls what/how goods are produced and what they cost. Individuals have little economic power
Mixed Economy: Individuals make some economic decisions and the government makes others