2. At the end of World War II…

3. …the world was in ruins.

4. People wanted peace…
…and needed the world put back together again.

5. But there were only two countries with the power to rebuild the world:
The United States
and
The Soviet Union
And, they were total opposites.

6. The United States wanted the world to have democracy and capitalism, like itself.

7. But the Soviet Union wanted neither democracy or capitalism…

8. But the Soviet Union wanted neither democracy or capitalism…
…they wanted autocracy and communism.

9. The competition became known as the “Cold War”…
…and it split the industrialized world in two.

10. For the next 30 years, the two clashed over…
..the Berlin Wall…

11. For the next 30 years, the two clashed over…
…China’s communist revolution…

12. For the next 30 years, the two clashed over…
…the creation of Hydrogen Bombs…

13. For the next 30 years, the two clashed over…
…the Korean War…

14. For the next 30 years, the two clashed over…
…the Cuban Missile Crisis…

15. For the next 30 years, the two clashed over…
…the exploration of space…

16. For the next 30 years, the two clashed over…
…and the Vietnam War.

17. In Vietnam, America’s technologically advanced military was defeated by guerrilla warriors called the Viet Cong, who were supplied by China and the Soviet Union.

18. After losing in Vietnam, the US made an effort to “thaw” its relationship with communist countries. This was called…
Richard Nixon

19. …Détente.

20. Both sides reduced their nuclear missile supplies after the…
trategic
rms
imitation
alks.

21. Despite the recent progress, things got cold again when the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan to try and spread communism.

22. (one of them was Osama bin Laden).
To prevent the Soviets from spreading communism to Afghanistan, the US trained and supplied a group of guerrilla warriors called the Mujahadeen…
(one of them was Osama bin Laden).

23. Just like the United States in Vietnam, the Soviet Union’s powerful military was defeated by guerrillas supplied from outside.

24. After the war in Afghanistan, the Soviet Union was almost bankrupt.

25. He spent over a trillion dollars on new military technology…
Sensing this, America’s new president, Ronald Reagan, decided to try to end the Cold War by bankrupting the Soviet Union.
He spent over a trillion dollars on new military technology…

26. It got a nickname based on a popular movie series…
…including satellites designed to shoot down incoming nuclear missiles with lasers.
It got a nickname based on a popular movie series…

28. The Soviet Union went broke trying to keep up with America’s spending spree.

29. The Soviet Union went broke trying to keep up with America’s spending spree.

30. Mikhail Gorbachev, the Soviet leader, knew it was time for some reforms.
He gave the right to make a profit (perestroika)
and
the right to gripe (glasnost).
It was only a matter of time before people used these new freedoms to ask for…

31. DEMOCRACY!

32. The people’s anger focused on that old symbol of Soviet oppression:
By the late 1980’s, it looked like this…

34. In 1989, President Reagan flew to Berlin, stood in front of the wall and famously said,

35. Soon after, realizing Gorbachev’s Soviet Union would not stop them…
Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!
Soon after, realizing Gorbachev’s Soviet Union would not stop them…

36. …the German people tore it down themselves.

37. (Soviet troops doing nothing to stop them).

38. The Iron Curtain became an open gate.

39. After communism fell in East Germany, it fell in Eastern Europe too, mostly without violence.

40. …but the government sent in the tanks…
Believing that communism was falling everywhere, students protested for democracy in China’s Tiananmen Square…
…but the government sent in the tanks…
…and killed hundreds.

41. After communism fell in Eastern Europe, all that was left of the Soviet Union was its own fifteen states.
As part of Gorbachev’s democratic reforms, each state voted on a president.

42. Boris Yeltsin was elected president of Russia.
As part of Gorbachev’s democratic reforms, each state voted on a president.

43. Yeltsin decided Russia would no longer be part of the USSR, so…

44. Yeltsin decided Russia would no longer be part of the USSR, so…
…the Soviet Union collapsed.

45. The Cold War was finally over.
Russia changed its flag to the traditional colors of democracy.
The Cold War was finally over.

46. http://www. cnn. com/2007/WORLD/europe/04/24/russia. yeltsin/index

47. President George W. Bush giving eulogy at Reagan’s funeral in 2004.
President Reagan & VP George H. W. Bush