1. What is a volcano? What do we know about volcanoes?
An opening to the interior of the planet
What comes out of this opening can tell us about what is going on in the inside
What do we know about volcanoes?
In your table groups brainstorm what you know about volcanoes

2. Where do we find volcanoes?

3. What do they look like?

4. Why aren’t all volcanoes the same?
Understanding why material comes out of a volcano explosively in one spot and not at another is related to what’s happening under the surface
In your table groups, brainstorm two lists:
What you think are similarities among all volcanoes
and
What are some differences among volcanoes

5. Hazards vocabulary Tephra- Pyroclastic flow-
Generic term for any airborne material erupted
Pyroclastic flow-
Mixture of solid & semi-solid fragments, and hot gases which flow down the side of a volcano. Moves somewhat like a snow avalanche

6. Hazards vocabulary Lahar- Lava flow-
Volcanic mudflow. Water mixes with tephra; can come from lakes on the mountain or melted ice & snow. Moves somewhat like wet cement
Lava flow-
Streams of molten rock that pour or ooze from a vent. Can ignite or bury anything it comes in contact with.
Others: ash fall, landslides, poisonous gases, tsunamis, earthquakes, lava fountain

7. Volcanic Hazards

8. Lahar

9. Pyroclastic Flow

10. Fires

11. Ash Clouds

12. Ash

14. Volcanic Explosivity Index
VEI based on erupted volume of material
1 up on the index = 10x as large

15. Volcanic Explosivity Index: 0 (non-explosive)
Kilauea (Hawaii)
Volcanic Explosivity Index: 0 (non-explosive)

16. Volcanic Explosivity Index: 1 (gentle)
Stromboli (Italy)
Volcanic Explosivity Index: 1 (gentle)

17. Volcanic Explosivity Index: 2 (explosive)
Galeras (Columbia)
Volcanic Explosivity Index: 2 (explosive)

18. Volcanic Explosivity Index: 3 (severe)
Ruiz (Columbia)
Volcanic Explosivity Index: 3 (severe)

19. Galunggung (Indonesia)
Volcanic Explosivity Index: 4 (cataclysmic)

20. St. Helens (United States)- 1980
Volcanic Explosive Index: 5 (paroxysmal)

21. Pinatubo (Philippines)- 1991
Volcanic Explosivity Index: 6 (colossal)

22. Volcanic Explosivity Index: 7 (super-colossal)
Tambora (Indonesia)- 1815
1816- Year without a summer
Volcanic Explosivity Index: 7 (super-colossal)

23. Lake Toba (Indonesia) or Yellowstone (United States): Super Volcano
Volcanic Explosivity Index: 8 (mega-colossal)

24. stop

25. Friday, 4/6
Who has been to a volcano before?

26. Mount St. Helens