1. Food Security and Nutrition Implementation: International perspectives
Arindam Banerjee
Forum: Food Security and Nutrition Programme for Kyrgyzstan in Action – in search of an efficient policy implementation
Bishkek, 06 December 2016

2. FSN Programme: Concepts and Implementation
Paradigms of Food and Nutrition Security -Availability: Linking Agriculture and Trade policies -Accessibility: Purchasing power and distribution -Balanced Nutrition: Focusing on absorption and awareness -Food Safety: role of scientific knowledge and regulations

3. Translating FSN into Action
Policy Development Programme Financing Identification and participation of Stakeholders Capacity Development Implementation Plan (Road Map)

4. International Case-study: Malawi
Understanding Malawian Food Security policy: Malawi Famine, Multi-pronged approach State interventions -Boosting production, aiding accessibility -Trade policy interventions

5. Malawi: Synergy among Programmes
Malawi Growth and Development Strategy -MGDS I, MGDS II, National fertilizer Strategy -Farm Input Subsidy Programme (FISP) Green Belt Initiative Linking with Economic Recovery Plan and National Export Strategy

6. Policy Development and Adaptability, 2005-13
2005: Export Restrictions, Social Safety Nets 2006: FISP, ADMARC and marketing, Export relaxations, Storage development, Price Interventions 2008: Storage expansion, allowing regulated private grain trade, Expanding FISP 2009: Credit provision and irrigation, Food aid distribution 2010: National Water Development programme, small- scale storage, role of National Food Reserve Agency 2011: Devaluation and its implications

7. Malawi: Progress and Challenges
Increasing Food Availability
Per Capita Food-grains Availability
Source: based on USDA, foreign Agricultural Service database
Achieving the MDG, onwards to WFS targets
Source: The State of Food Insecurity in the World, 2015
Year
2000-1
2005-6
2014-5
Food-grains (in kgs)
220.0
110.4
246.2
234.2
Year
1990-2
2000-2
2014-6
Proportion of Undernourished (%)
44.7
27.0
20.7
Number of Undernourished (mn)
4.3
3.1
3.6

8. International Case Study: India
Large country context: mn people undernourished in 2015 Longer intervention in Food security since 1960s -Green Revolution Strategy -Food Management System Dual pricing policy through food subsidies Large network of Public Distribution System (PDS)

9. India: Achievements, Challenges and Policy changes
Attaining Food self-sufficiency Accessibility constrained by high inequality Shifting to a focused targeting of vulnerable population Challenges of a targeted PDS

10. India: Progress and Challenges
Slow progress towards MDG targets (SOFI 2015) Paradox of Food surpluses and Persisting hunger incidence: >70 million tons of food stocks, high net exports High food inflation after 2007, reducing domestic demand Reorienting the strategy towards a right-based approach -Right to Food Movement after National Food Security Act, 2013
Year
1990-2
2000-2
2014-6
Proportion of Undernourished (%)
23.7
17.5
15.2
Number of Undernourished (mn)
210.1
185.5
194.6

11. Possible lessons for FSNP in Kyrgyzstan
Specific socio-economic, historic and cultural context of the Kyrgyz economy will have to be considered while drawing lessons from other experiences. -Synergies between various policies as reflected in Malawi Growth and Development Strategy can be explored in Kyrgyzstan. Striking a balance and complementary relationship between trade measures, agricultural input incentives, environmentally sustainable practices, infrastructure development and food support system for beneficiaries. -Rights-based intervention like in India. Developing a legal right framework for combating food- insecurity in sync with the economic and social conditions.

12. Thank You