1. Rich and Poor and Those in Between
Chapter 24 Part II
Rich and Poor and Those in Between

2. Social Structure
Wealth was distributed very unevenly throughout Europe.
The richest 5% of the population received 33% of all national income
Only 20 percent of the population was middle class or wealthy and they received 50-60% of all national income.
The tiny elite of the very rich and the sizable mass of the poor were separated from each other by a range of subclasses, each trying to rise to the class above them.

3. Aristocracy
Middle Classes
*Upper
*Middle
*Lower
Working Class
*Labor Aristocracy
*Semiskilled
*Unskilled

4. The Upper Class
The upper middle class included the most successful industrialists, bankers, and merchants. Increasingly, it merged with the aristocracy.

5. Middle Middle Class
Middle ranks included doctors, lawyers, and moderately successful bankers and industrialists.

6. Lower Middle Class
The lower middle class included small business owners, salespeople, store managers, clerks, and other white-collar employees.

7. Middle-Class Culture
Middle-class people were loosely united by a certain style of life and culture.

8. Middle-Class Culture Food & dinner parties Servants Housing Clothing
Education
They were also united by a shared code of behavior and morality such as no gambling or public drunkenness, fidelity and knowing right from wrong.

9. The Working Classes About 4 out 5 people belong to this class.
Labor aristocracy or “Highly Skilled”
Skilled workers lived very different lives from the semiskilled and unskilled.
Skilled workers’ income approached that of the lower middle classes.
Skilled workers tended to embrace the middle-class moral code.

10. Semiskilled
Semiskilled and unskilled workers included many different occupations, from carpenters and bricklayers to longshoremen.

11. Unskilled
Domestic servants were a large proportion of the population. In Britain 1 of every 7 persons was a domestic servant in 1911

12. Working-Class Leisure and Religion
Working-class leisure included drinking in taverns; watching sports, especially racing and soccer; and attending music hall performances.
Working-class church attendance declined in the nineteenth century.