1. Chapter 9 - The Islamic World Section 3: Society and Culture
Muslims who spread Islamic civilization throughout the world erected glorious mosques and other buildings

2. Section 3: Society and Culture
Main Idea
For the first Muslims, Islam was more than a religion. It was a guide to political, social and cultural life. Early Muslims responded with spectacular achievement in many fields.
Objectives
What were some key features of Muslim society?
What were some of the accomplishments of Muslim scholarship?
What were some of the contributions to the arts made by Muslim artists?

3. I. Muslim Society The Muslim Empire was divided into three
caliphates: Baghdad, Cairo, and Córdoba

4. I. Muslim Society Islam affected almost all aspects of daily life and
provided guidance on many issues
The Crescent and Star
Allah

5. I. Muslim Society The Qur’an instructed how society should be
organized, how people should live

6. I. Muslim Society Family was the core of Muslim daily life; family
members had specific roles and duties

7. I. Muslim Society The Qur’an restricted men to four wives;
required to treat all wives equally

8. I. Muslim Society Rights of women & children protected; women
equal to men before Allah in the Qur’an

9. I. Muslim Society Women lost status during Abbasid dynasty –
covered hair and wore veils in public

10. A slave market in Zabid, Yemen, depicted in a painting from 1237
I. Muslim Society
Slavery was common in Arabia, but the Qur’an
urged Muslims to free their slaves
A slave market in Zabid, Yemen, depicted in a painting from 1237

11. I. Muslim Society Islamic Empire was at center of trade network
linking Europe, Asia, and Africa

12. I. Muslim Society Empire produced quality goods and grew
wealthy from trade
Persian Carpet
Damascus Steel

13. The Madrasah (Islamic School)
II. Muslim Scholarship
Government supported schools & libraries –
advanced students could attend schools of
science, math, or law
The Madrasah (Islamic School)

14. II. Muslim Scholarship Arabs adopted the best ideas, customs, and
institutions from cultures they encountered
MUSLIM SCIENTISTS 1) Ibn an Nafis 2) Thabit ibn Qurra 3) Ibn Sina 4) Al-Kindi 5) Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi 6) Muhammad Zakariya al-Razi 7) Ali Kushji 8) Al-Battani

15. II. Muslim Scholarship Medical contributions include surgical
procedures and instruments, disease
diagnosis, drugs, and hygiene

16. II. Muslim Scholarship Al-Razı compiled a medical encyclopedia; was
translated into Latin and used in Europe

17. II. Muslim Scholarship Doctor/scholar Ibn Sına wrote the Canon of
Medicine
Ibn Sīnā, aka Avicenna (c ) was a Persian and the foremost physician and philosopher of his time. He was also an astronomer, chemist, geologist, Hafiz (someone who has completely memorized the Qur'an), Islamic psychologist, Islamic scholar, Islamic theologian, paleontologist, mathematician, Maktab teacher (taught children in reading, writing, grammar and Islamic subjects), physicist, poet, and scientist.

18. II. Muslim Scholarship Astronomers developed way to accurately
measure distance, created better maps, and
improved Greek astrolabe

19. II. Muslim Scholarship Al-Idrısı sent people to other lands to record
geographic features; used information for his
maps
Tabula Rogeriana ("The map of Roger") drawn by Arab geographer Muhammad al-Idrisi in The map is actually oriented with the North at the bottom. It remained the most accurate world map for the next three centuries.

20. The upside-down view of the Kitab Rudjdjar ("The book of Roger" in Arabic) drawn by Abu Abdallah Muhammad Ibn Muhammad Ibn Abdallah Ibn Idris al-Qurtubi al-Hasani

21. Al-Khwarizmi (c. 780 – 850) wrote about al-jabr
II. Muslim Scholarship
Arabic number system expressed all numbers
using only 10 figures; also developed algebra
Al-Khwarizmi (c. 780 – 850) wrote about al-jabr

22. III. Arts and Literature
Islam forbids using images showing Allah; artists
also avoided showing human or animal forms

23. III. Arts and Literature
Artists created geometric and floral designs
(arabesque); calligraphy became the highest art
form

24. III. Arts and Literature
Architects built elaborate mosques, palaces,
marketplaces, and libraries
The Great Mosque of Cordoba

25. III. Arts and Literature
Authors produced poetry and literature, such
as The Thousand and One Nights
Persian queen Scheherazade reading to Shahryār (the Great King)