1. Key Concept 5.3 Nationalism, Revolution, & Reform
Mr. Millhouse – AP World History – Hebron H.S.

2. The Enlightenment
Enlightenment philosophers, such as Voltaire, Rousseau, Locke, Montesquieu, applied new ways of understanding the natural world to human relationships, religion, and politics

3. Influence of the Enlightenment
Enlightenment thinkers influenced resistance to existing political authority
Required examples of revolutionary documents:
American Declaration of Independence
French Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen
Simon Bolivar’s Jamaica Letter
Enlightenment ideas also challenged existing notions of social relations such as
Expanded suffrage (rise of democracy)
Reform Bill of 1832
19th Amendment (1919)
Abolition of slavery
End of serfdom

4. Rise of Nationalism Nationalism brought nations together
Germany
Otto von Bismarck
Italy
Nationalism tore empires apart
Ottomans & Greek independence
Nationalism goes global
Indian National Congress
Chinese Nationalist Party
Gandhi is a major nationalist leader next unit!

5. Rising Discontent with Imperial Rule
Subjects challenged imperial governments
Potential examples:
China: Taiping Rebellion
Russia: Pugachev Rebellion (failed)
Required examples of successful rebellions:
American Revolution
French Revolution
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence movements

6. Slaves Challenged Existing Authority
Nat Turner Rebellion (1831) was one of several slave rebellions in North America

7. Questioning imperial authority + nationalism = anticolonial movements
Potential examples of anticolonial movements include:
Sepoy Rebellion 1757
Boxer Rebellion 1900 (pictured above)

8. Rebellions with Religious Influence
Potential examples of rebellions influenced by religious ideas and millenarianism include:
Taiping Rebellion (pictured above)
Mahdi in Egypt, Sioux Indian Ghost Dance movement, etc.

9. Frequent rebellions led to reforms in imperial policies
Potential examples of reform movements include:
Tanzimat Reforms in Ottoman Empire (pictured above)
Self-Strengthening Movement in China

10. Rise of new transnational ideologies
Discontent with monarchist and imperial rule encouraged the development of political ideologies including liberalism, socialism, and communism

11. Rise of feminism & women’s suffrage
Potential examples of demands for women’s suffrage and the rise of feminism:
Mary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Woman
Seneca Falls Conference of 1848 (8th grade U.S. history)

12. Key Concept 6.2 Global Conflicts & Their Consequences
Mr. Millhouse – AP World History – Hebron H.S.

13. Collapse of Ottoman Empire
The Young Turks ousted the last Ottoman sultan in Mustafa Kemal Ataturk gained independence for Turkey after World War I.

14. The Russian Revolution

15. Causes of Russian Revolution
Intellectuals Transfer Loyalty
Enlightenment, Socialists, & Communists
Middle Class Leadership
Failure of Tsarist government to expand political representation after Revolution of 1905
Vladimir Lenin
Lower Class Anger
Proletariat, peasants, members of the military
World War I caused an economic collapse
Failure of Force: World War I

16. Effects of Russian Revolution
Vladimir Lenin rules after Reds (communists) win Russian Civil War
Creates the Comintern (Communist International) to unite communist movements around the world
Joseph Stalin replaces Vladimir Lenin
Creates the U.S.S.R.
Five-Year Plans
Copied by other China, Brazil, etc.
Collectivization of Agriculture
Great Purge
Kills million people

17. Fall of Qing Dynasty
Sun Yatsen took power after the Xinhai Revolution in Sun attempted to institute his Three Principles of the People: democracy, nationalism, socialism.

18. Negotiated Independence: India
While Gandhi played a major role in India’s independence in 1947, Jawaharlal Nehru was the 1st prime minister of India. Muhammad Ali Jinnah was Pakistan’s 1st governor-general

19. Independence Through Armed Struggle
Thich Quang Duc used self-immolation to protest violence in Vietnam in Vietnam was finally unified in 1975 after defeating the French & the United States.

20. Nationalist Leaders Challenge Imperial Rule
Illustrative examples of nationalist leaders and parties:
Indian National Congress
Ho Chi Minh in Vietnam
Kwame Nkrumah in Ghana

21. Movements to Redistribute Land & Resources developed in Africa, Asia, Latin America

22. Movements to Redistribute Land & Resources developed in Africa, Asia, Latin America
Chinese Communist Revolution 1949

23. Movements to Redistribute Land & Resources developed in Africa, Asia, Latin America
Fidel Castro

24. Movements to Redistribute Land & Resources developed in Africa, Asia, Latin America
Iranian Revolution 1979