2. Introduction Body Paragraphs Conclusion Hook Background information
Thesis statement
Body Paragraphs
Topic Sentence
Examples, Quotes, Evidence
Explanations
Transitions
Conclusion
Restatement of thesis
Thesis evaluation
Final statement (figurative language, analogy)

3. Examples/Quotes/Evidence
Topic Sentence
Intriguing/shocking statement, anecdote, analogy, or quote that will grab your audience’s attention.
Avoid starting your essay with a question.
Examples/Quotes/Evidence
Several sentences of background information. Make this topic relevant for your audience. Never assume they are knowledgeable about your topic.
Explanations
Always place the this statement at the end of your introduction.
Transition/Conclusion

4. The traffic light is one of society’s most efficient inventions because it helps manage traffic and conserve fuel. According to Phys.org, synched or connected traffic lights can conserve fuel as much as 20 percent. When traffic lights are properly synched, motorists spend less time idling at red lights which leads to less fuel consumption. In addition to saving fuel, effective traffic light placement also saves lives.

5. Think of it as a label for the body paragraph.
Topic sentence - a single sentence located at the beginning of each body paragraph that expresses the main idea of the paragraph.
Think of it as a label for the body paragraph.
Readers should know what the paragraph will be about simply by reading the topic sentence.

6. A good topic sentence will…
be a single, declarative sentence
convey the main idea of the paragraph
be precise – use precise and specific words
be brief – only include important information
be clear ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

7. A topic sentence is located in the beginning of a body paragraph that expresses the main idea of just the body paragraph in which it is located.
Topic sentences do not need to present an argument.
A thesis statement is a single sentence located at the end of the essay’s introductory paragraph that expresses the main idea of the essay.
Thesis statements should be arguable and spark conversation.

8. A poor topic sentence will…
be vague and include vague words
include facts or quotes
include information from other paragraphs
be too broad or include generalizations
include phrases like…
This paragraph will be about…
In this paragraph I will write about… ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

9. What makes this a poor topic sentence?
The traffic light is a great invention.

10. What makes this a poor topic sentence?
In this paragraph I am going to discuss one reason why the traffic light is a good invention.

11. The traffic light is one of society’s most efficient inventions because it helps manage traffic and conserve fuel.
The traffic light is a great invention. In this paragraph I am going to discuss one reasons why the invention of the traffic light is a good invention.

13. A good supporting example will…
support the topic sentence and thesis statement
include facts, quotes, and details
be directly related to the main point in which you are trying to establish ✔ ✔ ✔

14. A poor supporting example will…
not be related to the paper
not help you make your point or prove your argument
only restate conventional wisdom
not add any significant value to the paper ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

15. What makes this a poor example?
The traffic light is one of society’s most efficient inventions because it helps manage traffic and conserve fuel. There are lots of traffic lights everywhere.
What makes this a poor example?

16. What makes this a poor example?
The traffic light is one of society’s most efficient inventions because it helps manage traffic and conserve fuel. In fact, the traffic light helps save lives.
What makes this a poor example?

18. After you state your topic sentence and provide an example, you will want to explain your example.
The explanation is your own words connecting your example to your topic sentence to provide a point.

19. A good explanation will…
be written in your own words
link the example to the topic sentence
help link multiple examples together
present the audience with thought-provoking information ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

20. A poor explanation will…
simply restate the topic sentence
not advance your argument/point
only restate conventional wisdom
include words and phrases like…
This proves that…
This quote shows that… ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

24. Once you have provide adequate examples and explanations, you will complete each body paragraph with either a transition or a closing statement.
Using transitions when you have more body paragraphs to write.
Use a closing statement when you complete your last body paragraph.

25. A good transition will…
logically link one topic to another
inform the reader that you have additional points to make
lead into the next body paragraph ✔ ✔ ✔

26. A poor transition will…
restate the next body paragraphs’ topic sentence
provide the audience with too much information ✔ ✔