1. Articles, Nouns and Gender
In Spanish, all nouns have gender. In Spanish, all adjectives reflect
(show agreement with)
the noun they modify.
Remember-
articles (a, an, the) are actually adjectives

2. Articles, Nouns, and Gender
So... to use the definite article "the" with a singular noun, use: "el" (for masculine words) or
"la" (for feminine words)
el libro, el examen, el hijo
(the book, the test, the son)
la revista, la pared, la manzana (the magazine, the wall, the apple)

3. Articles, Nouns, and Gender
Now... to use the definite article "the" with a plural noun use: "los" (for masculine words) or
"las" (for feminine words)
los libros, los examenes, los hijos
(the books, the tests, the sons)
las revistas, las paredes, las manzanas (the magazines, the walls, the apples)
* notice that we added “-s” to the nouns ending with a vowel
* we added “-es” to nouns ending with a consonant

4. Articles, Nouns, and Gender
Now... to use the indefinite article "a/an" with a singular noun, use: "un" (for masculine words) or
"una" (for feminine words)
un libro, un examen, un hijo
(a book, a test, a son)
una revista, una pared, una manzana (a magazine, a wall, an apple)

5. Articles, Nouns, and Gender
To use the indefinite article "a/an" with a plural noun, use: "unos" (for masculine words) or
"unas" (for feminine words)
unos libros, unos examenes, unos hijos
(some books, some tests, some sons)
unas revistas, unas paredes, unas manzanas (some magazines, some walls, some apples)
* notice that we added “-s” to the nouns ending with a vowel
* we added “-es” to nouns ending with a consonant