1. PLASTIC ELECTRONICS
RajshekaR
EC-2

2. Introduction
Plastic is considered as an insulator, a material that doesn't conduct electricity very well.
In fact prior to the 1970s, all synthetic polymers were considered as electrical insulators.
In 1978, a landmark paper described treating polyacetylene with halogens, and in doing so increased its electrical conductivity to almost the level of a poor metal
This opens the gateway of plastic electronics

3. Disadvantages of Conventional Semiconductors
Manufacturing silicon requires
High temperatures ( °C).
High vacuum environments.
Very clean environments.
This increases the cost of production.
Conventional electronic devices are rigid

4. Advantages of Plastic Electronics
Can be manufactured easily under ordinary conditions.
More compatible with manufacturing processes that use other plastics.
Renowned for their excellent mechanical properties, such as strength and flexibility.
Cheap and light, useful features for biomedical and other portable applications.

5. Feature of plastics Strength Flexibility Light weight Malleability.
Low cost

6. The Chemistry behind … Conventional plastic is a lousy conductor
Loose molecular bonds, which make the material so flexible, make it more difficult for the electrons to travel through it.
But arranging polymer molecules into long, straight rods lets electrons flow freely, approximating the conductivity of traditional materials like silicon or copper.

7. Molecular Model of a Polymer

8. Mobility Features
mobility of a typical conducting plastic used to be around 0.1 cm2 / volts
Recently, a new class of polymers (pentacene) has been found in which the mobility has been pushed up to 3 cm2/volts.
Scientists working on pentacene estimate a number close to 50 cm2/volts as the limit of achievable mobility for this special polymer

9. Constructional Details
Dielectric layers are made from conventional, electrically insulating polymers.
Conjugated polymers are used for the semi-conducting components.
Electrodes & interconnects are fabricated from highly doped conducting polymers.

10. sp2 hybridized structure

11. Applications of Plastic Electronics
PolyLED
Plastic Transistors
Plastic Solar Cells
Plastic LASERs

12. Polymer Light-Emitting Diode PolyLED
Light is transmitted in all directions with the same intensity
Consume much less power than today's devices.
High contrast and brightness to make a high-quality display that can be read easily in both bright and dark environments
Don't break when dropped

13. Structure & Working of PolyLED

14. Plastic Transistors

15. Thin Film Transistor

16. Working of TFT

17. Plastic Solar Cells
At the heart of all photovoltaic devices are two separate layers of materials,
one with an abundance of electrons ;"negative pole," :- poly(3-hexylthiophene), or P3HT
one with an abundance of electron holes "positive pole.“:- Cadmium Selenide (CdSe)

19. Plastic LASERs The Future of Lasers is Plastic
. Lightweight "plastic lasers" would be cheaper, easier and safer to make than semiconductor lasers.
produce all the colors rainbow
shaped easily into films, rings, microscopic discs or any desired shape for various uses,
plastics act as their own cavities, not only emitting laser light but containing and focusing it.

21. Conclusion:
In conclusion, while many obstacles still remain in the development of plastic electronic devices, the applications of these devices are not just science-fiction.
There is little doubt that, 'plastic electronics' will become part of our lives within the next decade.
Chemists will be vital members of the interdisciplinary teams that do this work.
Within the next decade, we will see plastic electronic devices giving intelligence to objects around us and significantly changing our lifestyle, just like the invention of plastics did in the twentieth century

22. Thank you