1. October 31, 2016 Objectives: Journal: Label the structure of a neuron
Explain how the nervous system is broken up into parts
Differentiate between neurons and glial cells
Journal:
What makes up the nervous system?

2. Nervous System

3. Functions of the Nervous System:
Long-term memory
Short-term memory
Thinking and decision making
Interactions with the world

4. Parts of the Nervous System
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Brain and spinal cord
Controls all basic bodily functions and responds to external changes
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Nerves
Connects the CNS to the rest of the body

5. Motor System Part of the peripheral nervous system
Carries out the orders from the brain and spinal cord
Made up of two branches:
Somatic Nervous System
Controls skeletal muscle
Under conscious control
Autonomic Nervous System
Controls smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands
Not under conscious control

6. Parts of the Autonomic Nervous System
Parasympathetic
Resting and digesting branch
Deal with normal body functions
Sympathetic
Body’s alert system that kicks in when you are in danger
Fight or flight response

7. Nervous Tissue Made up of:
Neurons: carry out control functions, amitotic
Neuroglia aka Glial Cells: support cells for the nervous tissue, able to divide

8. Neuron Parts
Neuron body: functions in cell metabolism

9. Dendrites: receive signals from the environment

10. Axon: generates and sends signals to other cells

11. Axon terminal: connects to a receiving cell

12. Synapse: space between the axon terminal and the receiving cell

13. Myelin sheath: lipid insulation that covers parts of the axon

14. Nodes of Ranvier: bare spots between the myelin

15. Neuron Classification
Neurons can be classified by either structure or function

16. Neuron Structural Classification
Bipolar: one dendrite and one axon
Multipolar: many dendrites and one axon
Unipolar: has two projections extending from the same end of the neuron body

17. Neuron Function Classification
Sensory neurons: input neurons
Motor neurons: output neurons
Interneurons: carry information between neurons

18. Glial Cell Types in CNS:
Astrocytes: metabolic and structural support cells for the nervous tissue
Microglia: remove debris
Ependymal cells: cover the lining of cavities
Oligodendrocytes: make a lipid insulation called myelin

19. Glial Cell Types in PNS:
Schwann cells: make myelin for the PNS
Satellite cells: support cells