1. Study of histological structure
Lab Exercise # 5
Zoo- 145
HISTOLOGY
Study of histological structure
of different organs

2. Lab Exercise # 3
Zoo- 145
HISTOLOGY is the branch of Biology that studies the microscopic structure of the tissues, organs and systems under the microscope
Type of Tissues
Epithelial Tissue
Muscular Tissue
Connective tissue
Nervous Tissue
Simple Squamous
Simple Columnar
Skeletal Muscle
Cardiac Muscle
Spinal Cord
Neuron
Hyaline Cartilage
Areolar Connective Tissue
*Blood Vessels: Arteries and Veins

3. The Nervous Tissue Neurons
Lab Exercise # 4
Zoo- 145
The Nervous Tissue
Neurons
Nucleus
Dendrites
These are unit of Nervous Tissue and are specialized in function and shape.
The neurons or the nerve cells are star shaped bodies with few microns in diameter.
The sharp protrusions of these cells are named as dendrites and the number of such spine like extensions varies from 5 to 7.
Centrally, the star shaped mass is loaded with a small nucleus and cytoplasm around the nucleus

5. The Nervous Tissue Spinal Cord
Lab Exercise # 4
Zoo- 145
The Nervous Tissue
Spinal Cord
The Spinal cord is cylindrical structure present inside the vertebral column.
It is a bilobed tube and its dividing line toward dorsal side is called the dorsal fissure and the invaginating line toward ventral plane is called ventral fissure.
The depressed area on both planes is called the dorsal commissure toward dorsal side and ventral commissiure toward ventral side.
The central area is full of nerve cells and is named as grey matter which is perforated with a hole, central canal.
The area surrounding grey matter is called duramatter and the outer most covering of the spinal cord is termed as piamatter.

7. The Sectional Organization of the Spinal Cord

8. Lab Exercise # 4 Zoo- 145 Arteries and Veins
Artery
Vein
The basic structure of the artery is composed of three layers of different kinds of tissues:
outer most layer is composed of connective tissue and is called tunica adventitia.
the median layer is formed of unstriated muscles and is termed tunica media.
the inner most layer is formed of epithelial tissue and is termed as tunica intima.
The veins also contain three different layers of different tissue like arteries viz, Tunica Adventitia, Tunica Media and Tunica Intima.
The difference lies only in the thickness of these three layers. As a fact, the veins are thin walled vessels comparatively due to the thin muscular layer

9. Arteries carry blood away from the heart; the main artery is the aorta.
Smaller arteries called arterioles diverge into capillary beds, which contain capillaries that branch among the cells and tissues of the body.
Capillaries carry blood away from the body and exchange nutrients, waste, and oxygen with tissues at the cellular level.
Veins are blood vessels that bring blood back to the heart and drain blood from organs and limbs.
Capillaries have one layer of cells (the endothelial tunic or tunica intima) where diffusion and exchange of materials takes place.
Veins and arteries have two more tunics that surround the endothelium: the middle tunica media is composed of smooth muscle that regulates blood flow, while the outer tunica externa is connective tissue that supports blood vessels.

10. Lab Exercise # 4
Zoo- 145
Thank you