1. Grouping & Identifying Living Things
Classification
Grouping & Identifying Living Things
This Powerpoint is hosted on
Please visit for 100’s more free powerpoints

2. Why classify? Think of three examples where we group things.
Why do we group these things?

3. Classifying Living Things
We put livings things into
Animals

4. Animals Animals are spilt into two major groups: Vertebrates
Invertebrates

5. Vertebrates These are animals with a backbone.
There are five groups of vertebrates:
Amphibians
Birds
Fish
Mammals
Reptiles

6. Amphibians Have smooth moist skin Lay jelly coated eggs in water
Lives on land and water
Ectotherms

7. Birds
Have feathers and hollow bones
Lay hard shelled eggs
Endotherms

8. Fish Have wet scales Lay jelly-coated eggs in water
Breathes with gills
Ectotherms

9. Mammals Have hair and produce milk
Give birth to live offspring (no eggs)
Endotherms

10. Reptiles
Have scales
Lay leathery shelled eggs
Ectotherms

11. Summary of Vertebrates

12. Invertebrates These are animals without a backbone
There are eight groups of invertebrates
Molluscs
Flatworms
Annelids
Roundworms
Sponges
Echinoderms
Cnidarians
Arthropods

13. Molluscs
Some molluscs (gastropods) crawl on a single fleshy pad. Ex. Snails, slugs, conchs.
Some molluscs may burrow through or attach to a base (bi-valves) clams, oysters, mussels, brachiopod (extinct).
Some molluscs swim (cephalopod).
Most have a hard shell, but some do not (slugs, octopuses)

14. Molluscs

15. Flatworms
Have flat worm like bodies
Tapeworms and flukes

16. Annelids Have round worm-like bodies
Have bodies divided into segments with bristles or hairs (setae)
Earthworms
Have 5 hearts and no eyes
Gizzard for digestion
Breathe through their skin
Clitellum – contains both male and female organs. Babies form in internal cocoons.

17. Annelids
Have round worm like bodies
Have bodies divided into segments

18. Roundworms Have long thin round worm like bodies.
Have bodies with no segments.
Are parasites.
Hook worm, trichinosis,

19. Roundworms

20. Sponges (porifera) Simplest multi-cellular animal.
Have bodies made of loosely joined cells
Filter feeders
Skeleton is made of needle-like fibers called spicules.
Most are hermaphrodites,
reproduce by releasing small planktonic larvae.

21. Sponges

22. Echinoderms Have radial symmetry. Appendages usually occur in fives.
Have spiny outer covering
Can regenerate limbs
They eat by pulling apart bivalves with its suction-cup tube feet, and then it inverts its own stomach out of its mouth and surrounds its meal

23. Echinoderms

24. Cnidarians Have radial symmetry Have thin sack like bodies
Have tentacles with stinging cells to trap their prey.
Two body types:
Polyp (corals and anemonies) where tentacles and mouth face up.
Medussa (jellyfish) tentacles and mouth face down.

25. Cnidarians

26. Arthropods Have lots of legs and segmented bodies. Have exoskeletons.
There are four group of arthropods:
Arachnids
Centipedes & Millipedes
Crustaceans
Insects

27. Arthropods - Arachnid Include spiders, scorpions, ticks, and mites.
Have four pair of legs and bodies divided into two sections
Cephalothorax
Abdomen
Have chelicerae for feeding and defense.
Eat by injecting poison into the prey and sucking out materials.

28. Arthropods - Arachnid

29. Arthropods – Myriapoda
Have long thin bodies and pairs of legs on each of their many body sections.
Have a “myriad” of legs.
Centipedes are fast, venomous and predatory. One pair of legs per segment.
Millipedes are slower, and eat leaf litter (detritus). Two pair of legs per segment.

30. Arthropods – Centipedes & Millipedes

31. Arthropods - Crustacean
Include crabs, lobsters, shrimp, krill, barnacles and crayfish.
Have more than four pairs of legs
First pair often used as pincers.
Most have 3 body parts – head, thorax, and abdomen.
Although some have a cephalothorax.

32. Arthropods - Crustacean

33. Arthropods - Insects Bodies divided into three sections
Head, thorax, and abdomen.
Have three pairs of legs on thorax.
May have wings on the thorax.
Often have wings.
Have compound eyes – can see almost all around themselves.
Go through metamorphosis.

34. Metamorphosis Incomplete metamorphosis. Complete metamorposis.
Change by molting.
Egg  Nymph  Adult.
Complete metamorposis.
Egg  Larva  Pupa  Adult.

35. Arthropods - Insects