1. NOUNS & Pronouns
9th Grade English

2. Nouns A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea.
There are several kinds of nouns

3. Concrete Nouns
Nouns that name things that can be seen or touched are called concrete nouns
Concrete Nouns
People girl, men, scientist, Dr. Taylor
Places library, Mars, Dallas, Baltimore
Things rain, wind, trees, cotton, clouds

4. Abstract Nouns
Nouns that name ideas, qualities, or characteristics are called abstract nouns
Abstract Nouns
Ideas love, friendship, kindness
Qualities courage, patriotism, hope, ideals

5. Compound & Collective Nouns
A compound noun is made up of more than one word
Collective nouns name a group of people or things
Collective Nouns
Band congregation flock
Class crew group
Swarm colony crowd
Herd team committee
Family league tribe

6. Common & Proper Nouns A common noun names any person, place, or thing.
A proper noun names a particular person, place or thing. Proper nouns ALWAYS begin with a capital letter.
Common Noun Proper Nouns
Girl Amy Clark
Country United States
Book Hatchet
As you can see from the chart, some proper nouns may be more than one word. Even though United States is two words, it names only one place.

7. Pronouns & Antecedents
A pronoun is a word that takes the place of one or more nouns
Look at each pair of sentences below. Notice how pronouns save the second sentence of each pair from being boring, repetitious, and even silly.
Adam bought a large pizza and ate the pizza in one sitting.
Adam bought a large pizza and ate IT in one sitting.
When Franklin Roosevelt was President, Franklin Roosevelt broadcast Franklin Roosevelt’s famous “fireside chats” over the radio.
When Franklin Roosevelt was President, HE broadcast HIS famous “fireside chats” over the radio.

8. The word or group of words that a pronoun replaces is called its antecedent.
An antecedent comes before the pronoun.
It may be in the same sentence as the pronoun or in another sentence.

9. Daronna stopped at the pet store and bought some angelfish
Daronna stopped at the pet store and bought some angelfish. They were beautiful! (The antecedent angelfish is in the preceding sentence.)
After I got obedience training for the dog, he behaved pretty well. (The antecedent dog is in the same sentence.)

10. A pronoun can have more than one antecedent.
More than one pronoun can refer to the same antecedent.
The songwriter and the composer were pleased with THEIR new material.
The karate master took HIS best students on retreat with HIM.

11. Kinds of Pronouns
Pronouns come in many forms and serve different functions in a sentence.

12. Personal & Possessive Pronouns
Used most often
Possessive Pronouns are personal pronouns that show possession
Singular
Plural
1st Person (Speaker)
I, me, my, mine
We, us, our, ours
2nd Person (Being Spoken To)
You, your, yours
3rd Person (Being spoken about)
He, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its
They, them, their, theirs

13. First Person Pronouns
I must have left MY script at the audition.
Second Person Pronouns
You shouldn’t ride a bike without your helmet.
Third Person Pronouns
He thought the books were HIS, so HE took THEM home.

14. Reflexive & Intensive Pronouns
Add –self or –selves to personal pronouns to add emphasis or refer back to a noun.
Reflexive & Intensive Pronouns
Singular
Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself
Plural
Ourselves, yourselves, themselves

15. Robert kept telling HIMSELF that the situation was temporary
Robert kept telling HIMSELF that the situation was temporary. (The reflexive pronoun HIMSELF refers to Robert).
We worried about how to protect wild birds, but the falcons THEMSELVES found a way to survive in big cities. (The intensive pronoun THEMSELVES emphasizes who came up with the survival strategy. Intensive pronouns often come immediately after the antecedent.)

16. Indefinite Pronouns Usually refer to unnamed people or things
Do not have a definite antecedent.
Common Indefinite Pronouns
All
Both
Few
nothing
Another
Each
Many
one
Any
Either
Most
Several
Anybody
Everybody
Neither
Some
Anyone
Everyone
None
Someone
Anything
Everything
No one
something

17. Did ANYONE notice SOMETHING strange about the end of the movie?
NO ONE knew ANYTHING about the film.
Can ANYBODY here talk to the manager?

18. Demonstrative Pronouns
Demonstrate, or point out, people or things.
This
That
These
Those

19. Interrogative Pronouns
Ask questions
What
Which
Who
Whom
whose

20. WHAT did you want with a bag of water balloons?
WHICH of these backpacks is mine and WHICH is yours?
WHO wants to ride in the school van with the principal?
To WHOM did Luke give his new CD?
WHOSE is this?