1. SSUSH16 : The student will identify key developments in the aftermath of WW I 16a. Explain how rising communism and socialism in the United States led to the Red Scare and immigrant restriction

2. Rise of Socialism and Communism
Karl Marx – history is a series of revolutions; Oppressed overthrowing the oppressor
New systems gradually become corrupted and oppressed becomes oppressor
Workers will overthrow capitalism and workers would share the means of production and distribution – socialism
Communism is the extreme version of socialism

3. Rise of Socialism and Communism
The Bolsheviks led the Russian Revolution and called for a worldwide revolution to destroy capitalism
A worker controlled economic system appealed to industrial workers in the US and worldwide
The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) and other unions adopted many revolutionary ideas which led to a radical reputation
Strikes became associated with revolution
The socialist party made strong showings in the 1912 and 1920 presidential elections

4. Business Fears Spread of Communism
During and after WW1, labor union strikes became increasingly more violent
The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) and other unions adopted many revolutionary ideas which led to a radical reputation
Strikes became associated with revolution
4 million workers participated in a strike in 1919
Business owners blamed the unrest on foreign radicals/immigrants

5. Red Scare (1918-1920) and Palmer’s Raids (1919)
In addition to labor strikes, Communists blamed for sending bombs through mail to public buildings and officials
The FBI and Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer led a series of raids against suspected communists; thousands arrested, 556 were deported
Palmer believed a revolution was underway, but was later censured by Congress for violating civil liberties

7. Immigration Restricted
1924 – National Origins Acts passed which established the Quota System that set limits on the number of immigrants who could come from each country
Immigration was restricted for three main reasons (among others of course):
1. the Red Scare
Fear of Communist revolution in America
2. Nativism – belief that those born in America are superior to immigrants
3. Belief that America should keep its traditional culture intact
Anti-immigrant, anti-Jewish and anti-Catholic contributed to a revived Ku Klux Klan nationwide

8. b. Identify Henry Ford, Mass Production, and the Automobile

9. Henry Ford In 1908 Henry Ford began to mass produce cars (Model T)
He paid his workers $5 a day – very high for the time
First Model T cost $925; ten years later cost was $280 – cars the “everyday man” could afford

10. Henry Ford Ford used mass production
He built his cars on an assembly line – this increased production and drove down the price
Standardized parts, specialization of labor, careful management
Each worker had a specific job to do
This helped speed up the building process, reducing the cost of automobiles

11. Transformed American culture
Increased autonomy
Could travel greater distances much quicker – expanded suburbs
Social life and symbol of social status
The automobile industry also created growth in other industries such as
Rubber, glass, lead industries

12. c. Describe the impact of radio and the movies

13. Growth of Mass Media and Culture: Radio
1920 election was first radio broadcast
million Americans had a radio; radio stations
Music, stories, sporting events and news
Helped create a common cultural experience both in consumption of the program and through advertising of the latest products

14. Growth of Mass Media and Culture: Movies
Thomas Edison invented the motion picture in the late 1800s
By late 1920s movies had sound
Movies became big business – 800 feature films produced per year in 1920s
Many social conservatives often disapproved of movies as an immoral influence

16. d. Describe modern forms of cultural expression; include Louis Armstrong and the origins of jazz, Langston Hughes and the Harlem Renaissance, Irving Berlin, and Tin Pan Alley

17. Wrote poems describing the struggle of African Americans
Louis Armstrong
Born in New Orleans-Great Migration – New York
Played improvised form of Dixie Ragtime and jazz
Influential in the New York jazz scene
Langston Hughes
Born in MS. Moved to NY
Wrote poems describing the struggle of African Americans
“I swear to the Lord, I still can’t see, why Democracy means, everybody but me”- Langston Hughes (Poet, playwright)

18. Langston Hughes - Democracy
Democracy will not come Today, this year Nor ever Through compromise and fear I have as much right As the other fellow has To stand On my two feet And own the land I tire so of hearing people say, Let things take their course Tomorrow is another day I do not need my freedom when I’m dead I cannot live on tomorrow’s bread Freedom Is a strong seed Planted In a great need I live here, too. I want freedom Just as you

19. Harlem Renaissance 1920s-mid 1930s
Literary, artistic and intellectual movement that created a new black cultural identity
Explored the historical experiences of black America and of black life in the urban North.
Rejected the styles of white Americans; celebrated black dignity and creativity.

20. Tin Pan Alley Tin Pan Alley
The name given to NYC songwriters and music publishers during 1920s
dated to 1885, when a number of music publishers set up shop in the same district of Manhattan
One of the most famous writers was Irving Berlin
“God Bless America”, “White Christmas”, and “Alexander’s Ragtime Band”