1. CONFINED SPACE ENTRY CFR 1910.146 Effective April 15, 1993
Definitions: Confined Space Permit-Required Confined Space Non-Permit Confined Space

2. CONFINED SPACE Has limited openings for entry or exit.
Is large enough for human occupancy but not meant for human occupancy.
Lacks natural ventilation.
May contain a hazardous atmosphere.
Has the potential for engulfment.
Has a recognized, serious safety or health hazard.

3. PERMIT REQUIRED CS
A space that meets the definition of a confined space and has one or more of these characteristics:
1. The potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere.
2. Contains a material that has the potential for engulfing an entrant.

4. Permit Required CS, continued
Has an internal configuration that may cause an entrant to become entrapped.
Contains a serious safety or health hazard.

5. NON-PERMIT CS
Does not contain, or have the potential to contain, an atmospheric hazard or hazard capable of causing death or serious physical harm.
A confined space is considered a Permit required confined space until pre-entry procedures prove otherwise. (air monitoring, for example.)

6. List of Confined Spaces
Silo
Manhole
Tank spill containment
Etc..

7. Requirements of the Standard
Employers must evaluate the workplace to determine if spaces are permit required confined spaces. (consult chart)
Employer must inform employees.
Written Program.
Permit System.
Training and Education

8. Requirements, continued
Equipment:
1. Testing and Monitoring
2. Rescue
3. PPE
4. Communications
5. Ventilating

9. Requirements, continued
Contractor requirements:
1. Inform of rules and hazards.
2. Equipment.
3. Notice to employer of any hazards
being brought on employer’s site.

10. SIX STEPS TO SAFE CONFINED SPACE ENTRY
Identify the Space
Permit the Space
Isolate the Space
Ventilate the Space
Test the Space
Equip the Space

11. ID the SPACE
Is it a Confined Space?
Permit or Non-Permit?

12. PERMIT the SPACE Follow Permit Guidelines (see permit)
Names and Signatures of Team
Name and Signature of Supervisor

13. ISOLATE the SPACE
“DE-ENERGIZE” (mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, gravity, pressure, etc.)
“BIG FIVE” PROCEDURES
1- Permit Hot Work
3- LOTO Confined Space Entry
5- Linebreak (Purge)

14. VENTILATE the SPACE Mechanical Ventilation before and after Testing
During Entry

15. TEST the SPACE Monitor for Oxygen (19.5%-23.5%) Monitor for LEL
Test for other Contaminants
Test at ALL LEVELS!

16. EQUIP the SPACE
Permits should list all equipment and tools necessary for Entry and Rescue

17. SUMMARY
OSHA has a CS Standard because of the continuing fatalities in confined spaces. The biggest killer involving confined spaces is lack of knowledge. Education, a written plan, and enforcement of rules can eliminate confined space fatalities.