1. The Spinal Cord

2. “an extension of the brainstem that begins at the foramen magnum and continues down through the vertebral canal to the first lumbar vertebra just below the ribs”

4. Features of the Spinal Cord
Diameter-
Length-
Location-
Conus Medullaris-
Cauda Equina (horse tail)-
Spinal nerves-

8. Spinal cord is composed of both gray and white matter
Gray matter-
White matter-

9. Spinal Cord Dissection

10. The Meninges Dura Mater-Arachnoid-Pia Mater

11. What is CSF ???
Cerebrospinal fluid

12. The Reflex Arc Neural pathway of a reflex What is a reflex ?
A reflex may be
Autonomic
Somatic

13. All reflexes have a minimum of 5 elements1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

14. REFLEX
ARCS

15. Disorders of the Spinal Cord
Meningitis
symptoms-
bacterial-
viral-
prevention-

16. Lumbar Puncture

18. http://www. youtube. com/watch

19. Spina Bifida
What is Spina Bifida? Spina Bifida literally means “split spine.” Spina Bifida happens when a baby is in the womb and the spinal column does not close all of the way. Spina Bifida is the most common birth defect that disables people for life. Every day, about eight babies born in the United States have Spina Bifida or a similar birth defect of the brain and spine. 
What causes Spina Bifida? No one knows for sure. Scientists believe that genetic and environmental factors act together to cause the condition.

20. What Conditions are Associated with Spina Bifida?
Children and young adults with Spina Bifida can have mental and social problems. They also can have problems with walking and getting around or going to the bathroom, latex allergy, obesity, skin breakdown, gastrointestinal disorders,learning disabilities, depression, tendonitis

21. What Can You Do to Prevent Spina Bifida
What Can You Do to Prevent Spina Bifida? Women who are old enough to have babies should take folic acid before and during the first three months of pregnancy. Because half of the pregnancies in the United States are unplanned, the Spina Bifida Association asks women to take a vitamin with 400 mcg (0.4 mg) of folic acid each day during the years of their lives when they are possibly able to have children. Women who have a child or sibling with Spina Bifida, have had an affected pregnancy or have Spina Bifida themselves should take 4000 mcg (4.0 mg) of folic acid for one to three months before and during the first three months of pregnancy.
What is Folic Acid? Folic acid is a vitamin that the body needs to grow and be healthy. It is found in many foods, but the man-made or synthetic form in pills is actually better absorbed by our bodies.

22. Trauma-

23. This scale is for newborns and is scored at 1 min & 5 min.
APGAR Scale
This scale is for newborns and is scored at 1 min & 5 min.
Heart rate
Absent- 0 points
< point
points
Respiration effort
Slow, irregular-1 point
Strong cry- 2 points
Muscle Tone
Flaccid- 0 points
Some flex- 1 point
Act. motion- 2 points
Irritability
No response- 0 points
Some- 1 point
Vigorous- 2 points
Color
Blue, pale- 0 points
Body: pink, Extremities: blue- 1 point
Fully pink- 2 points
Infants with scores of 7-10 usually require supportive care only. A score of 4-6 indicates moderate depression. Infants with scores of 3 or less require aggressive resuscitation.

24. Electroencephalogram
An EEG is...

25. Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI

26. Positron Emission Tomography PET

27. Ultrasound Imaging