1. Automatic Identification (ID)
123456
Automatic Identification (ID)

2. Scanners - Wands - Imagers (CCD) - Lasers
Automatic Identification (ID)
Images
- Bar Codes
- Stacked Codes
- Matrix Codes
Scanners Wands Imagers (CCD) Lasers
Printers
RFID Tags
(9)-
(78)-Getting Started With Bar Codes: A Systematic Guide by Bushnell/Meyers
(78)-pp: 246
Magnetics
OCR (Optical Character Recognition)
Biometrics
Memory Buttons

3. FOCUS Bar Codes Imagers - Linear - Stacked Lasers IMAGES SCANNERS
(CCD’s)
Lasers

4. Bar Coding and Scanners
the Basics ….

5. Bar Coding
IS NOT:
a System

6. Bar Coding IS: a Modern Tool It replaces antiquated data
collection techniques like
pencil and paper on an
accurate and timely basis!

7. Bar Coding IS: a Language It makes it efficient for
humans and machines
to easily communicate
with computers!
IS:

8. Bar Coding Health Warehouse and Manufacturing Distribution Retailing
Financial
Government
Logistics
Education

9. Bar Coding
To Maximize the Benefits of Using Bar Coding, Scanning Devices are Most Generally Configured to Communicate with Host Computers

10. Bar Coding Inventory Manufacturing Work-in-Process Warehouse Time and
Control
Manufacturing Work-in-Process
Bar
Coding
Warehouse
Management System
Time and
Attendance
Point of
Sale
Package
Tracking
Vehicle
Maintenance
Receiving

11. Point-of-Sale Operation
POS
Terminal
Host Computer
Scanner

12. Point-of-Sale Operation
The Universal
Product Code on a
package is scanned.
Decoded data
(Product ID) is
sent to a POS
terminal.
Scanner

13. Point-of-Sale Operation
POS
Terminal
Product ID is
sent to host
computer.

14. Point-of-Sale Operation
Product ID is
"looked up"
in memory.
2. Inventory quantity is decremented.
3. The price and
description are
sent back to the
POS terminal.
Host Computer

15. Point-of-Sale Operation
The Price and
description of
the scanned
item is:
indicated on
the POS display.
printed on the
sales receipt.
POS
Terminal

16. Warehouse Receiving Operation1.
Mobile Computer
with Scanner at
Receiving Dock
Host
Computer

17. Warehouse Receiving Operation1.
Mobile Computer
with Scanner at
Receiving Dock
1. Bar Code on
a package is
scanned.
Decoded data
(Package ID)
is sent to host
computer.

18. Warehouse Receiving Operation
1. Package ID is "looked up"
in memory.
2. Details of items received are added to inventory file.
Put away instructions are sent back to mobile computer.
Host
Computer

19. Warehouse Receiving Operation1.
Mobile Computer
with Scanner at
Receiving Dock
1. Put away
instructions
are indicated
on the display
of the mobile
computer.

20. (Symbologies or Languages)
Images
(Symbologies or Languages)
More than 200 are Available!

21. FOCUS
Bar Codes
- Linear
- Stacked

22. UNIVERSAL PRODUCT CODE
Linear
Numeric
UNIVERSAL PRODUCT CODE
….. A Retail Symbology

23. How Does the Universal Product Code Get on a Product?

24. It is printed on the box as part of the normal production process.

25. ….. An Industrial Symbology
CODE 39
Linear
Alphanumeric
….. An Industrial Symbology

26. Primarily Used for License Plate Applications
Universal Product Code
and Code 39
Primarily Used for License Plate Applications
- Real Time Look Up at Host Computer
- Off Line Data Collection

27. 2-D (Stacked)
PDF 417
(Portable Data File)

28. PDF 417

29. 2-D (Stacked) Application
Portable Data File
License Number Sex
Issue Date Height
Expire Date Weight
Eye Color Hair Color
Birthdate Class

30. 2-D (Stacked) PDF 417 Other Applications - Control Machine Operations
- Patient Medical Records
- Shipping Manifests
- Production Records

31. How are Symbologies
Scanned (or Read)?

32. FOCUS
Scanners
- Imagers
(CCD’s)
- Lasers

33. Scanner Types
Imager (CCD)

34. Imager Aiming Pattern

35. Imager Collection Technique
Photo Array
640 x 480
Pixels or
Light Receptors

36. (Computerworld - August 6, 2001)
Imager Output
At the heart of today's digital imaging devices are charge-coupled devices (CCD). A type of semiconductor that's sensitive to light, a CCD consists of a 2-D array of individual elements, each of which is, in essence, a capacitor - a device that stores an electrical charge.
(Computerworld - August 6, 2001)

37. Scanner Types
Laser

38. Scanners
Most Prevalent
Wide Variety
( ~ 5.4 Million Units ))

39. Symbol Technologies Hand-held

40. Symbol Technologies Hands-free

41. Symbol Technologies Mobile Computers
with Integrated/Tethered Scanners

42. Symbol Technologies Scan Engines

43. they ALL work the same way!
How Do Laser
Scanners Work?
Essentially…………
they ALL work the same way!

44. Laser Scanners They Generate a Radiation Beam.
(16)-
(45)-Bravman VOL 1: 80/10-20
(45)-Bravman VOL 3: 54/16-22

45. What Kind of Beam? = Light = Amplification by = StimulatedR
= Light
= Amplification by
= Stimulated
= Emission of
= Radiation

46. Scanning (Linear)
What the Eye Sees

47. Scanning (Raster)
What the Eye Sees

48. Scanning (Omni-directional)
What the Eye Sees

49. Scanners
Rotating or oscillating
mirror deflects a laser beam.

50. Scanning
What the Scanner Does

51. Scanning A Portion of the Light is Reflected from Light Spaces
A Portion of the Light is Absorbed by Dark Bars

52. Scanning Universal Product Code Four Dark Bar and Light Space Widths3X 1X 4X 2X
Four Dark Bar and Light Space Widths

53. Two Dark Bar and Light Space Widths
Scanning
Code 39
Narrow 3X 1X 2X
Wide (Range of 2x to 3x)
Two Dark Bar and Light Space Widths

54. An Analog Signal is Generated
Scanner Decoding
Reflected
Light
Absorbed
Light
An Analog Signal is Generated

55. Scanner Decoding Analog to Digital: HOW? Analog Signal Digital
Bar Pattern
Analog to Digital: HOW?

56. One of many decoding methods (algorithms):
Decoding: Analog to Digital Signals
One of many decoding methods (algorithms):
112
Clock
Counts
110 48 40 42 38 41
114 50 52
Total clock counts = 689; divided by 11 (bars/spaces) = 62.64
All elements above are WIDE; All elements below are NARROW W N
Therefore:

57. Other Important Scanning Issues
1. Scanner Resolution and
Symbol Density
2. Depth of Field and
Width of View
3. Scanner Angle
4. Quiet Zones

58. Mil Size Relates to Density
6.5
7.0
10.5
13.7
20.5
30.4
40.2
40.2

59. Scanner Resolution Symbol Density Scanner Resolution (spot size) and
Should Approximate Smallest Bar or Space

60. Excellent Analog Signal
Scanner Resolution
and
Symbol Density
Excellent Analog Signal

61. Too Big: Distorted Analog Signal
Scanner Resolution
and
Symbol Density
Too Big: Distorted Analog Signal

62. Too Small: Distorted Analog Signal
Scanner Resolution
and
Symbol Density
Too Small: Distorted Analog Signal
Void
Spot

63. Scanning Depth of Field Width of Field
Both Parameters Will Vary Depending Upon Scanner Resolution and Size of the Smallest Symbol Element.

64. Scanner Angle
(x) °
max
± 2 °
(dead zone)
Scan
Beam

65. Quiet Zones
Yes No

66. SUMMARY 1. Narrow Element Size 2. Distance from the Scanner
The relationship between the scanner and
the symbol being scanned is affected by the:
1. Narrow Element Size
2. Distance from the Scanner
3. Scanner Angle
4. Quiet Zones

67. Interpret a Bar Code Symbol?
What Major Components
of a Scanner are Used to
Interpret a Bar Code Symbol?

68. Laser Scanner Major Components * Laser Diode (Light Source)
* Mirror or Mirrors (Scan Mechanism)
* Photo Diode (Light Collector)
* Amplification & Filtration (Analog Signal)
* Digitizer
* Decoder
* Microprocessor

69. Laser Scanner Processing Steps Host Emitted Light Reflected Light
Transmit
Result
Laser Diode
Mirror (s)
Emitted Light
Reflected Light
Photo
Diode
Mirror
Analog Signal
Digital
Bar
Pattern
Analyzes
Digital
Signal
Determines Symbology
(Decodes)
Code 39, UPC,
etc. , and
Resulting Data

70. Symbol Technologies LS4004i

71. Symbol Technologies LS4004i
Light Source
Photodiode
Emitting and
Collecting Mirror

72. Symbol Technologies LS4004i
Mirror
Light Source

73. Symbol Technologies LS4004i
Emitting Mirror
Collection
Mirror

74. Symbol Technologies LS9100

75. Symbol Technologies LS9100
Emitting and
Collection Mirror
Emitting Mirror
Emitting Mirror
Photodiode
Light Source

76. Symbol Technologies LS9100
Emitting
Mirror
Collection
Mirror

77. Symbol Technologies LS9100
Mirrors
Light Source

78. Symbol Technologies LS9100
Omni-directional Pattern
5 Sided Mirror
4 Sided
Rotating Mirror

79. User Programmable Options:
- Audio Response (on/off/frequency/volume)
- Power Mode
Bi-directional Redundancy (forward and reverse)
- Check Digit Validation
- Autodiscrimination (enable/disable symbologies)
- Data Length Control (fixed, range or none)
- Laser On Time

80. What Happens to the Data that has been Interpreted and
Forwarded to a Host as a Result of Scanning a Bar Code Image?

81. Bar Coding Inventory Manufacturing Work-in-Process Warehouse Time and
Control
Manufacturing Work-in-Process
Bar
Coding
Warehouse
Management System
Time and
Attendance
Point of
Sale
Package
Tracking
Vehicle
Maintenance
Receiving

82. Summary
In the majority of all applications, automatic identification techniques have no value by themselves. There must be a scanner to interpret encoded characters and a
computerized system to collect, store and process these data that have been interpreted. Only then can beneficial activities occur.