1. What If? The Ice Ages Were A Little Less Icy?
Steve Dutch
Natural and Applied Sciences
UW-Green Bay

2. The Davis Landscape Cycle

3. Midwest = “Old” Landscapes?

4. The Onset of Old Age? Indiana

5. Rejuvenation

6. Why Davis’ Cycle Doesn’t Work (Usually)

7. Why Davis’ Cycle Doesn’t Work (Usually)

8. Why Davis’ Cycle Doesn’t Work (Usually)

9. Why Davis’ Cycle Doesn’t Work (Usually)

10. Why Davis’ Cycle Doesn’t Work (Usually)

11. Why Davis’ Cycle Doesn’t Work (Usually)

12. Why Davis’ Cycle Doesn’t Work (Usually)

13. Why Davis’ Cycle Doesn’t Work (Usually)

14. Why Davis’ Cycle Doesn’t Work (Usually)

15. Why Davis’ Cycle Doesn’t Work (Usually)

16. Why Davis’ Cycle Doesn’t Work (Usually)

17. Why Davis’ Cycle Doesn’t Work (Usually)

18. Paleo-Valleys, Ohio

19. Paleo-Valleys, North Dakota

20. World 1.0

21. What The Ice Wrought Excavate the Great Lakes
Divert the Missouri River
Divert the Upper Mississippi
Divert the Ohio River

22. Changes to the Mississippi Drainage

23. World 1.1

24. Alternate Drainages

25. Imagine U.S. History With No Missouri River
U.S. buys a much smaller Louisiana Purchase
No easy water route for Lewis and Clark
No claim to the Pacific Northwest by right of discovery
Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana and the Dakotas might be part of Canada
No gold rush to the Black Hills or war with the Lakota?
Or maybe war with Great Britain?

26. If there’s even a United States, that is…..

27. Diversion of the Ohio

28. Possible Pre-Pleistocene Rivers

29. Imagine U.S, History With No Great Lakes
No water route into northern interior
No Erie Canal
No Buffalo, Toronto, Cleveland, Detroit, Milwaukee or Chicago

30. Imagine U.S, History With No Ohio River
Only access to the Mississippi is over the southern Appalachians and much harder
Economic center of gravity in mid-Atlantic states?
Commerce west of Appalachians runs north into Canada (maybe still French?)
United States hemmed in along Atlantic Coast
Why purchase Louisiana?

31. If There’s Even A Great Britain, That Is…

32. Pre-Pleistocene Europe

33. Cutting the English Channel

34. Alternate Europe

35. Alternate Europe Today

36. Imagine World History With No English Channel
Nothing to block Napoleon or Hitler
No defeat of the Spanish Armada
How many other invaders would there have been?
With a land frontier, would Britannia have ruled the waves?
Would Britain have retained its cultural identity?

37. Just Imagine….