1. Plantar fascia segmentation and thickness estimation in ultrasound images 
Abdelhafid Boussouar, Farid Meziane, Gillian Crofts 
Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics 
Volume 56, Pages (March 2017)
DOI: /j.compmedimag
Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
Plantar fascia region: (a) Anatomical illustration diagram showing the anatomical location of the plantar fascia and positioning of the US probe, P. (b) The longitudinal sonogram of the scanned region related to (a), showing the plantar fascia area and the calcaneus.
Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics  , 60-73DOI: ( /j.compmedimag )
Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Probe position, longitudinal orientation and sample US images for all PF different structures. (a) Rear PF section; (b) Mid PF section; and (c) Forefoot PF section.
Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics  , 60-73DOI: ( /j.compmedimag )
Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3 Block diagram showing ANNs approach to segmenting ROIs.
Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics  , 60-73DOI: ( /j.compmedimag )
Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

5. Fig. 4
Plantar fascia segmentation and thickness estimation in ultrasound images approach.
Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics  , 60-73DOI: ( /j.compmedimag )
Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

6. Fig. 5
(a)–(c) US images for different PF structures: (a) Forefoot, (b) Midfoot and (c) Rearfoot section. (d)–(f) Gray level histogram representation.
Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics  , 60-73DOI: ( /j.compmedimag )
Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

7. Fig. 6
(a) Original image and (b) Targeted PF region selected by a physician (red contours).
Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics  , 60-73DOI: ( /j.compmedimag )
Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

8. Fig. 7 A graphical representation of RBF-NN architecture.
Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics  , 60-73DOI: ( /j.compmedimag )
Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

9. Fig. 8
Inter-operator variability: (a) differences in thickness measurements of PF structures performed by the two experts, indicating lack of differences. The boxes show the 25th and the 75th percentiles, the whiskers denote the minimum and maximum values, the bars represent the medians, the+sign represents the means. (b) Linear regression of measurements performed by the two experts, indicating consistent pairing. The dashed line represents the line of unity and the continuous line represents the line of regression (R2=0.92).
Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics  , 60-73DOI: ( /j.compmedimag )
Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

10. Fig. 9
Preprocessing results: (a)–(c) Original US images for different PF structures (Forefoot, Mid and Rear section). (d)–(f) Speckle reduction results using DT-CWT filter (reduces noise and improves the visual quality of the image). (g)–(e) Enhancement results using CLAHE filter (PF region has been enhanced and well defined).
Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics  , 60-73DOI: ( /j.compmedimag )
Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

11. Fig. 10
A bar plot of ranked predictors (features importance) based on importance weights.
Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics  , 60-73DOI: ( /j.compmedimag )
Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

12. Fig. 11
Segmentation results of the proposed method. (a)–(c) PF region outlined manually by a physician (red contours). (d)–(f) Segmented PF region result produced by RBF-NN classifier (green contours). (g)–(i) Binary mask of segmented PF region results produced by RBF classifier.
Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics  , 60-73DOI: ( /j.compmedimag )
Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

13. Fig. 12
Segmentation results of a semi-automatic region based active contour (snakes) method. (a)–(c) Active contour initialization using a manual snake mask initialization (red dots). (d)–(f) Preliminary active contour segmentation results (green contours).(g)–(i) Final selected PF region.
Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics  , 60-73DOI: ( /j.compmedimag )
Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

14. Fig. 13
Segmentation results of a fully automatic localizing region based active contour method. (a)–(d) Predefining the initial mask. (d)–(f) Active contour initialization using a predefined initial mask. (g)–(i) Preliminary region based segmentation results. (j)–(l) Final results using morphological operations such as: opening, closing, thresholding, and region filling.
Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics  , 60-73DOI: ( /j.compmedimag )
Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

15. Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics 2017 56, 60-73DOI: (10
Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics  , 60-73DOI: ( /j.compmedimag )
Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions