1. Assessment of the initial situation
Online Course Faecal Sludge Management
Developed by UNESCO-IHE and SANDEC
Assessment of the initial situation
Dr. Martin Mulenga,
Senior Researcher/Lecturer in Sanitary Engineering
UNESCO-IHE

2. Upon completion of this unit, the participants will be able to:
Learning objectives
Upon completion of this unit, the participants will be able to:
Understand what is important to know at the beginning of the FSM planning process and identify what information needs to be collected.
Be aware of the different methods and tools for collecting relevant data and know how to apply them.
Know how to identify the shortcomings and opportunities of an existing FSM system and be able to describe an enabling environment.

3. What is the assessment of the initial situation?
It is the first step in the project cycle and programme planning
Planning Approach for Sanitation
The situation analysis
The feasibility
Action Planning
Implementation
Monitoring and Evaluation

4. Main goals
Set the scene for the intervention
Understand the context
Identification of key stakeholders
Identify threats and other Issues affecting targets
Prioritise the issues to be addressed
Provide enough information for FSM

5. Link of assessment of the initial situation to other FSM issues
Source: Philippe Reymond (2014) (See p297 in FSM Book)

6. METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION
Secondary Sources
Unstructured
Interviewing
Primary Sources
Observation
Questionnaires
Documents
Structured
Government publications, Books, Census Data,
Earlier researches done,
Personal records

7. Situational Analysis Methodology Examples
Secondary (literature) information about conditions in the city collected from a variety of sources
Semi-structured interviews with key informants including government (at various levels), donor agencies, key professionals and community leaders
Sanitation survey (profiling of settlements, enumerations of households) across the city designed and implemented by community members
Focus groups specifically structured to address the sanitation goals. This include both information gathering and the review of findings.

8. Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT)
SWOT analysis
Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT)

9. What next?
Watch the keynote video
Read Chapter 14 of FSM book
Watch video on participatory mapping (example)

10. Useful sources of information
Profiling and mapping -