1. Observing Matter

2. Imagine a chemical that …
Is a key ingredient in most pesticides
Contributes to environmental hazards, such as acid rain, the greenhouse effect, and soil erosion
Helps to spread pollutants that are present in all contaminated rivers, lakes, and oceans
Is used in vast quantities by every industry on Earth

3. Imagine a chemical that …
Can produce painful burns to exposed skin
Causes severe illness or death in either very low or very high concentrations in the body
Is legally discarded as waste by individuals, businesses, and industries
Has been studied extensively by scientists throughout the world

4. Imagine a chemical that …
Should this chemical be banned?
Discuss your reasons with an elbow partner.
Elbow partner, you are to LISTEN attentively and NOT judge or respond other than to praise your partner.
Now discuss your reasons with the rest of your group. Be prepared share your reasons with the rest of the class.

5. What if I told you the chemical is dihydrogen monoxide
What if I told you the chemical is dihydrogen monoxide. Would that change your opinion?

6. Describe water RallyRobin
You need one sheet of paper and one pencil/pen
NO TALKING for the activity.
Starting with Partner A, write down one characteristic of water
Pass the sheet to Partner B. Partner B read Partner’s point and add another point.
Pass the sheet back to Partner C.
Keep going until you can think of no more characteristics of water.
Be prepared to share your list.

7. Describe water RallyRobin
2 H atoms and 1 O
Used in many industries
pH=7
All states (s, g, l)
75% of body volume
Freezing point is 0
Colorless
No taste, smell
Expand when frozen
Universal solvent
Assume shape of its container
Density 1g/mL
Transparent/Translucent

8. Find My Rule
I will be showing you a list of YES and NO examples of a particular concept
As you read each YES and NO example try and come up with a hypothesis of the attributes of the concept
Do not name the concept, rather what are the attributes
NO CALLOUTS. Think and form hypotheses quietly.

9. Find My Rule YES Iron Sugar Sodium chloride NO Pond water gasoline
Oil and vinegar salad dressing

10. Find My Rule YES Distilled water magnesium Carbon dioxide NO gravel
Salt water
Steel (an alloy)

11. Find My Rule
For the next set of examples, not yet classified, talk with your partner about how you would classify each.
Use a “thumbs up” to communicate if the example is a YES example or a “thumbs down” if the example is a NO example
Be prepared to share your opinion with your fellow classmates.
NO CALLOUTS.

12. Find My Rule
oxygen
air
Garden soil
Sulfur dioxide
Apple pie
copper

13. Find My Rule
I will be showing you some more YES and NO examples of a particular concept
With an elbow partner, QUIETLY share your ideas without judgment or discussion
Be prepared to be picked to share your hypotheses with your fellow classmates.
NO CALLOUTS.

14. Find My Rule YES sodium hydrogen chlorine NO sugar Silver nitrate
Hydrochloric acid

15. Find My Rule YES copper magnesium oxygen NO Distilled water
Nitrogen dioxide
Sodium chloride

16. Find My Rule iron Magnesium oxide nitrogen neon polyester
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)

17. Diagnostic chart

19. Under Heterogenous mixtures of the chart, write these 2 definitions
Colloids
A substance in which microscopically dispersed insoluble particles are suspended throughout another substance
Suspension
A heterogeneous mixture containing solid particles that are sufficiently large for sedimentation

20. Describing and Measuring Matter
MATTER – anything that has mass and volume and occupies space. Matter is found in five different physical states:
Gas
Liquid
Solid
Plasma
Bose-Einstein condensate (super unexcited and super cold atoms)

21. Find My Rule YES Gasoline burns in a car engine An iron nail rusts
A copper roof turns green NO
Wax on a candle melts
Ice melts in a cold drink
Frost forms on a window

22. Find My Rule NO YES Food is digested Water boils in a kettle
Photosynthesis occurs in plants
A silver spoon turns black NO
Water boils in a kettle
Glass shatters
Alcohol and water mix together

23. Change of State
Changes that affect the physical appearance of matter but not its composition (identity) are physical changes.
Changes that alter the composition of matter are chemical changes.
A change of state is a physical change.
The rusting of iron, the burning of wood, and the baking of bread are examples of chemical changes.

24. Change of State
Adding energy to matter or removing energy from matter may result in a change of state.
A change in state … For example, ice, liquid water, and water vapour are all the same kind of matter, despite the differences in appearance

25. Describing and Measuring Matter
PROPERTIES – characteristics of matter that help describe it. Properties are divided into two categories:
Physical
Chemical
PHYSICAL PROPERTY – is a property that you can observe without changing one kind of matter into something new
CHEMICAL PROPERTY – is a property that you can observe when one kind of matter is converted into a different kind of matter

26. Find My Rule YES NO She has $3 in change Frank weighs 65 kg
The man was metres tall NO
Chris ran quickly
She grinned from ear to ear
He was handsome

27. Find My Rule YES Ice melts at 0C It was November 22
Miguel wears EEE width shoes NO
She is taller than he is
Her shirt was blue
The chain saw was very loud

28. Find My Rule-  if Quantitative description/  if Qualitative description
John wears size 9 shoes
The garage had a musty odour
The solution was bright green
The clouds were at 3500 metres
The lemon was very sour
16, 000 people were at the game

29. Quantitative Physical Properties Qualitative Physical Properties
Comes with a description
of quality of the matter
Described with numbers
Chemical properties are always qualitative

30. Describing and Measuring Matter
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
CHEMICAL PROPERTEIS
Qualitative
Quantitative
Physical state
Colour
Odour
Crystal shape
Mallaebility
Ductility
Hardness
Brittleness
Melting point
Boiling point
Density
Solubility
Electrical conductivity
Thermal conductivity
Reactivity with water
Reactivity with air
Reactivity with pure oxygen
Reactivity with acids
Reactivity with pure substances
Combustibility
Toxicity
Decomposition