1. MODELS OF MEMORY!!!

2. MULTI-STORE MODEL ATKINSON AND SHIFFRIN
SENSORY MEMORY
STIMULATED MEMORIES, LESS THAN A SECOND
ATTENTION PASSES ONTO STM, OTHERWISE FORGOTTEN
STM
MEMORIES REMAIN SECS, LONG ENOUGH FOR USE
REPETITION PASSES ONTO LTM, OTHERWISE FORGOTTON
LTM
MEMORIES REMAIN FOR A LIFETIME
INTERFERENCE/DECAY LEAD TO FORGETTING

3. EVALUATION
FIRST MODEL OF MEMORY WHICH IS CONSISE AND EASILY UNDERSTOOD
BASIS OF ALL OTHER MODELS, THEREFOR WITHOUT THIS MODEL, OUR UNDERSTANDING OF MEMORY COULD BE VERY DIFFERENT
DOESN’T ACCOUNT FOR FLASHBULB MEMORY, THEREFOR LACKS CREDABILITY AND RELIABILITY
REDUCTIONIST IN THE FACT THAT THE LTM AND STM ARE MUCH MORE COMPLEX, AS SHOWN BY THE WORKING MEMORY MODEL
MODEL STATES THAT REHERSAL LEADS TO STORAGE, HOWEVER IT DOESN’T ALWAYS LEAD TO STORAGE, THEREFORE DOESN’T TAKE ACCOUNT OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES OF MEMORY.

4. THE WORKING MEMORY MODEL
BADDELY AND HITCH
CENTRAL EXECUTIVE
CONTROL CENTER, CO-ORDINATES THE 2 SLAVE SYSTEMS, LIMITED STORAGE CAPACITY
PULLS INFORMATION FROM THE 2 SLAVE SYSTEMS AND THE LTM TO THE STM
VISUO-SPATIAL SCRATCHPAD
INNER EYE, STORES VISUAL AND SPATIAL INFORMATION
LIMITED STORAGE CAPACITY
PHONOLOGICAL LOOP
INNER EAR – PHONOLOGICAL STORE, INNER VOICE – ARTICULATORY CONTROL SYSTEM
LIMITED STORAGE CAPACITY

5. EVALUATION
OFFERS A MORE DETAILED ACCOUNT OF MEMORY, THEREFORE MORE RELIABLE THAN THE MULTI-STORE MODEL
RESEARCH BY BADDELY AND HITCH SUPPORTS THIS
PART. GIVEN DIGIT STRINGS TO REMEMBER WHILST UNDERGOING VERBAL REASONING TASKS
ABLE TO RECALL ACCURATELY DIGIT STRINGS AND PREFORMS SUCCESSFULLY ON VERBAL REASONING TASKS SUGGESTING THE STM HAS SEVERAL COMPONENTS THAT WORK INDEPENDANTLY OF ONE ANOTHER
HAS PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS IN LEARNING TECHNIQUES, SO HAS ECOLOGICAL VALIDITY
RELIABLITY OF THE VISUAL-SPATIAL SCRATCHPAD IS QUESTIONED AS THERE HASN’T BEEN A LOT OF RESEARCH INTO IT, SO IT LACKS IN DETERMINISM
ONLY ONE CENTRAL EXECUTIVE IS MENTIONED IN THIS MODEL, THERE MAY BY MORE THAN ONE, AS MUCH OF THE BRAINS FUNTION IS STILL TO BE KNOWN, FOR THAT REASON IT IS REDUCTIONIST.

6. STM CAPACITY DURATION ENCODING BADDELY(b...c)
RECALL OF SHORT(MONOSYLLABILIC) VS LONG WORD(POLYSYLLABILLIC)
READING SPEED, RECALL STRAIGHT AFTER PRESENTATION(5 WORDS)
MORE SHORT VS LONG, LINK TO READING SPEED AND NO. OF WORDS RECALLED IN 2 SECS
DURATION
PETERSON + PETERSON (ppd consonant trigrams)
LENGTH OF STM WITHOUT REHERSAL
CONSONANT TRIGRAMS, COUNT BACKWARDS
DECREASED RECALL AS TIME INCREASED, REHERSAL PREVENTED INFO. VANISHED RAPIDLY
ENCODING
CONRAD(con...consonants)
ACOUSTIC VS VISUAL IN THE STM
ACOUTICALLY SIMILAR/DISSIMILAR – 6 CONSONANTS, NOTED ERRORS
MORE ERRORS WITH ACOUSTILCALLY SIMILAR
ITEMS IN STM FORM ACOUSTIC CODE, EVEN WHEN PRESENTED VISUALLY

7. LTM CAPACITY DURATION ENCODING INFINITE BAHRICK(baaaaarick, duration)
EXISTENCE OF VLTM
392 HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES 50YRS
PHOTO + NAME GROUP, PHOTO GROUP
PHOTO + NAME = 60% 47YRS COMPARED TO PHOTO = 20% 47YRS
IS A VLTM, HOWEVER CUES ARE NEEDED TO INCREASE THE RECALL OF SUCH INFO.
ENCODING
BADDELY(encoding....badly)
EFFECTS OF SYMANTIC AND ACOUTIC ENCODING IN THE STM AND LTM
STM – 5 WORDS RECALL IMMMEDIATLY : LTM – 10 WORDS RECALL IN 20 MINS
STM = SYMANTIC RECALL LOW, ACOUTICALLY SIMILAR RECALL LOW, BUT ACOUSTICALLY DISSIMILAR HIGH
LTM = ACOUSTIC RECALL LOW, SYMANTICALLY SIMILAR RECALL LOW, BUT ACOUSTICALLY DISSIMILAR HIGH
STM = ACOUSTIC ENCODING : LTM = SYMANTIC ENCODING