1. New England, Middle and Southern Colonies
Colonial Regions
New England, Middle and Southern Colonies

3. New England Colonies Massachusetts Connecticut Rhode Island
New Hampshire

4. Geographic Features Climate Land Features Water Features
long cold harsh winters
hilly
Atlantic Ocean
warm summers
heavily forested
few navigable rivers
short growing season
thin rocky soil
jagged coastline
(natural harbors)
Based on the information in the chart, what types of economic activities will be successful in the New England Colonies?

5. Major Industries fishing and whaling shipbuilding ship supplies lumber
trade

6. Location of key settlements:
Plymouth Colony – Plymouth
Massachusetts Bay Colony – Boston

7. Two Dominant Religions in England
Roman Catholic
Anglican
Church of England
Puritans
Separatist Pilgrims

8. VS. Separatists Puritans (Pilgrims)
believed in a total break from the Church of England
VS.
Puritans
want to reform (purify) the Church of England

9. New England Colonies Massachusetts 1620 came for religious freedom
Mayflower Compact – first set of laws written in America
leader – William Bradford 1620 (Pilgrims)
leader – John Winthrop 1630 (Puritans)
“We shall build a city upon a hill, the eyes of all the people are upon us…”
- Winthrop

10. Mayflower Compact 1620

11. New England Colonies Great Puritan Migration (1630-1642)
15,000 Puritans moved to Massachusetts
persecution and economic hard times led to a dramatic increase in colonial settlement

12. New England Colonies Rhode Island 1636
Roger Williams wanted religious freedom
believed you should tolerate other people’s beliefs in God
banned from Massachusetts
first tolerant colony

13. New England Colonies Anne Hutchinson
believed God revealed himself to individuals without the help of clergy
challenged the authority of the ministers
put on trial banished from colony
moved to Rhode Island

14. New England Colonies Connecticut 1636
Thomas Hooker did not agree with Puritan leaders
laws of the colony based upon what the people wanted not the leaders
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut – establish self government; first written constitution in the colonies
The foundation of authority is laid in the free consent of the people.
- Hooker

15. Middle Colonies
New York
Pennsylvania
Delaware
New Jersey

16. Geographic Features Climate Land Features Water Features mild climate
rich soil
Atlantic Ocean
cold winters
forests
large navigable rivers
warm summers
good harbors
good growing season
Based on the information in the chart, what types of economic activities will be successful in the Middle Colonies?

17. Major Industries cash crop agriculture wheat and grains “breadbasket”
trade

18. Location of key settlements:
New York –
New York City
Pennsylvania – Philadelphia

19. Middle Colonies Diverse population England Germany Scotland Ireland
Netherlands
Sweden

20. Middle Colonies Pennsylvania 1682 founded by William Penn
safe haven for Quakers – believed everyone was equal in the eyes of God; pacifists
religious and ethnic tolerance for everyone

21. Middle Colonies Complete OPTICS.
This is a current political cartoon.
Complete OPTICS.
What are the references to the colonial period and what we know about Pennsylvania?

22. Southern Colonies Virginia Maryland North Carolina South Carolina
Georgia

23. Geographic Features Climate Land Features Water Features cool winters
warm humid climate
rich fertile soil
Atlantic Ocean
cool winters
large coastal plains
many wide navigable rivers
hot summers
forests
long growing season (year round)
tidewater regions
Based on the information in the chart, what types of economic activities will be successful in the Southern Colonies?

24. Major Industries cash crop agriculture tobacco rice indigo
plantation system

25. Location of key settlements:
Virginia – Jamestown, and Richmond
Maryland – Baltimore
South Carolina – Charleston
Georgia – Savannah

26. Southern Colonies Virginia 1607 founded by John Smith
colony set up for trade and profits
Virginia House of Burgesses – first representative assembly in America; passed laws for the good of the colony

27. Southern Colonies Maryland 1633
colony was established as a safe haven for Catholics
Act of Toleration – law guarantees religious tolerance (freedom of religion) did not require church membership of all citizens

28. Southern Colonies Georgia 1732 founded by James Oglethrope
place for debtors from England to start a new life
buffer against Spanish attacks (Spanish Florida)

29. Indentured Servants passage to colonies was expensive
system created to attack workers – cheap labor
person signed an indenture, or an agreement to work for a master for a period of years (4-7) in return for passage, room, board, lodging and freedom dues
not free until completed term of service; not slaves

30. Slavery in the Colonies
enslaved Africans first brought to Jamestown, Virginia in 1619
all colonies allowed slavery at one point
slavery was both an economic and social institution in colonial America

31. Slavery in the Colonies
slave labor significant part of the development of the plantation system
planation: large-scale agricultural operation; labor intensive crops - tobacco, rice and indigo
owned by wealthy southern families

32. Triangle Trade

33. Slavery in the Colonies
Triangle Trade
trade route that exchanged goods between the West Indies, the American colonies and West Africa
start in west Indies ship sugar and molasses
New England ships rum, iron, gunpowder and tools
England ships manufactured goods and guns
Africa ships slaves (Middle Passage)

34. Slavery in the Colonies
Middle Passage
worst part of the Triangle Trade
slaves treated harshly some didn’t make it
traders wanted to bring as many slaves as possible
chained crammed together below deck very little room to move
little to no fresh air

35. The Great Awakening 1730-1740’s George Whitefield
renewal or revival of interests in religion
created new churches
emphasized people’s equality in the eyes of God

36. Salem Witch Trials Massachusetts 1692-1693
Puritans constantly on the watch for signs of Satan believed worked through witches
fear of witchcraft exploded Massachusetts in 1691 when several girls were seen acting strange in church
questioned accused neighbors of being witches and putting spells on them
20 accused “witches” put to death