1. Social and Emotional Development
Deborah M. Neill

2. Terms and Definitions
Social Development: Change in the ability to get along with people.
Emotional Development: A mental state that causes an individual to act in certain ways. Affection is the emotional response which brings feelings which express concern, caring, sympathy and helpfulness. Love is an emotion or feeling of deep personal attachment and commitment.

3. Types of Emotions Pleasant Love Affection Happiness Joy Unpleasant
Anger
Fear
Hatred

4. Infancy Delight-Patting, caressing, cuddling
Distress-Hunger, pain, failure, loneliness
a. Illustrated by crying, kicking, thrusting arms.
b. Disappears when picked up or soothed.
Fear-Develops after six months
a. Illustrated by reactions to loud noises, sudden movements, falling, pain, or strange people.
b. Disappears when given assurance.
Anger-Identifiable at six months
a. Caused by being held motionless or restricted.
b. Illustrated by striking, slapping, biting, kicking.
c. Develops tolerance and accepts limits.
5. Affection-Not capable until about one year old.

5. Eighteen Months Emotionally unpredictable Self-centered Verbal demands
Not able to communicate
Wide range of negative emotions
Adults should
a. Keep things out of reach
b. Provide distraction
c. Give firm and consistent guidance
d. Give good-humored help

6. Communication has improved Expresses love and affection
Two years
More sure of self
Gives fewer demands
Communication has improved
Expresses love and affection
More outgoing and friendly

7. Two and one-half years Loves to say “NO”! Overwhelmed by learning
Desire exceeds actual writing ability.
Cannot always make self understood.
Wants independence
Is stubborn, demanding and domineering yet lovable.
Adults should
a) Give love
b) Provide patience
c) Not expect too much too soon
d) Give affection and understanding
e) Handle with humor and tolerance
Tensions during this stage may cause
a) Thumb-sucking
b) Head-banging
c) Crib-rocking
d) Hair-twisting

8. Three Years Is congenial, cooperative, and has a sunny disposition.
Does things for which he couldn’t do when he was two.
Can share and wait for a turn.
Takes directions well.
Is proud of what they do.
Enjoys praise and affection.
Has fewer temper outbursts.
Anger lessens but the time of outbursts increases.
Wants to be recognized by peers.
Has sympathy for others, attempts to comfort them when they are in distress.

9. Four Years Usually not pleasant to live with
May be more selfish, impatient, boastful
Fights , argues, bosses more than in the past
Is loving and affectionate, needs and seeks approval
Has trouble separating fact from fantasy
Loves to tell tales
Knows if people laugh at mistakes
Adults should
a) Respect need to explore
b) Not treat child as a baby
c) Avoid too many hard and fast rules

10. Common problems of children who do not have appropriate emotional development
Speech problems
Day dreaming
Extreme dependence on others
Temper tantrums
Overaggressive actions
Dishonesty
Crying
Nervous habits
Withdrawal

11. Common ways for children to release emotional energy
Emotional explosions
Moodiness
Regression

12. Aids to the acceptable outlet of emotions
“Take care of yourself emotionally”
Strenuous physical exercise daily
A good sense of humor
Understanding that it can be good for a child to cry if he knows when and where to use it.
Close, affectionate relationship with at least one family member
Understand that when a child is afraid, there is a reason for it. Be willing to discuss that fear.

13. Steps that lead to group interaction
Solitary Play
Parallel Play

14. Steps that lead to group interaction
Cooperative play
Small group activity

15. Large group activity

16. Examples of mature social behavior
Unselfishness
Ability to tell the difference between day dreams and reality.
Ability to accept criticism constructively
Ability to concentrate
Not overly competitive
Positive approach
Dependability
Sense of humor
Independence

17. Resources www.googleimages.com www.31MGCADOKXYCARZ.com