1. Vocabulary
10th WOrld History

2. Basics Primary source Secondary source Physical geography
Human/Cultural geography
Analyze

3. Primary source
Original records from a source

4. Primary source Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Primary sources
The historian read the primary source, an eyewitness account of the battle, to better understand the war.
Question to Ponder:
Would a picture from Friday night’s Meet the Pirates be considered a “primary source?”

5. Secondary source
Events that happen on during a specific period of time

6. Secondary source Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Secondary sources
The student read the historian’s secondary source over the European explorers.
Question to Ponder:
Would a person interested in a summary of an event want to read a “secondary source?”

7. Physical Geography
Characteristics of the natural world

8. Physical geography Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: N/A
Anthropologists use their knowledge of the physical geography to better understand a culture.
Question to Ponder:
Would I be studying “physical geography” if I analyzed the population movements of tribes?

9. Human/cultural geography
The world, its people, communities, and cultures

10. Human/cultural geography
Forms:
Example:
N/A
Human geography is another name for cultural geography.
Question to Ponder:
Could I better understand an African tribe if I studied their “cultural geography?”

11. Analyze
Carefully studying something

12. analyze Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Analyzes Analyzing
Analyzed
Analyzer
The scientist analyzed the blood sample for any abnormalities.
Question to Ponder:
Would I have successfully “analyzed” a puzzle if I could not identify the big picture?

13. Categorization
Political
Economic
Social
Religious
Evaluate

14. Political
Pertaining to the government

15. Political Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Politics Politician
The political world in the U.S. is focused on the presidential election.
Question to Ponder:
Would student representatives be considered part of a “political” organization?

16. Economic
Pertaining to money

17. Economic Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Economy Economies
The economy is doing better than it was in 2008.
Question to Ponder:
Would opening a successful business help someone’s economic standing?

18. Social
Pertaining to society

19. Social Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Society Societies
As a diverse country, we have many different social traditions.
Question to Ponder:
Would holidays be considered part of someone’s “social” culture?

20. Religious
Pertaining to religion

21. Religious Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Religion
Countries in the east share similar religious beliefs.
Question to Ponder:
Can a person’s “religious” beliefs determine a person’s clothing?

22. Evaluate
Carefully judging something’s worth

23. Evaluate Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Evaluates Evaluating
Evaluated
Evaluation
The student’s work was evaluated by the teacher.
Question to Ponder:
Would a person need to “evaluate” the situation in order to determine how to act accordingly?

24. Beginning Civilizations
Revolution
Technology
Specialization
Social Class

25. Civilization
Community of people with a level of culture, science, industry, and government

26. Civilization Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Civilizational
Civilizations
Civil
Civilized
We live in an advanced civilization.
Question to Ponder:
If a community does not have a formed political system, can it be considered a “civilization?”

27. Revolution
Sudden or extreme change in the way people live, work, etc.

28. Revolution Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Revolutionary
Revolutionaries
Revolutionized
Revolutionizing
The American Revolution changed the way former English colonists viewed themselves.
Question to Ponder:
Would changing from a pen and paper school system to a completely digital school system be considered “revolutionary?”

29. Technology
Machine, equipment, or method invented to solve problems

30. Technology Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Technological
Technologies
Technologist
Our civilization develops new technologies at an astounding pace.
Question to Ponder:
Would the earliest hunter-gatherers view the invention of fire as a “technological” advance?

31. Specialization
Made or used for one particular purpose or job

32. Specialization Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Specialized
Specializing
Specialize
Specializes
Most college degrees allow for students to specialize in a particular field.
Question to Ponder:
Would participating in an assembly line illustrate “specialization?”

33. Social Class
Status or rank held in a society

34. Social Class Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Social classes
In some cultures, individuals can change their social class.
Question to Ponder:
Would someone changing their social status from “single” to “married” on Facebook be a part of someone’s “social class?”

35. River Civilizations I Cultural Diffusion Polytheism Ancient B.C.E.

36. Cultural diffusion
The spread of ideas and beliefs across cultures

37. Cultural diffusion Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: N/A
The cultural diffusion of foreign words into the American English language makes it unique to other languages around the world.
Question to Ponder:
Would the assimilation of Mexican and Italian dishes into the American cuisine of hamburgers and hot dogs be an example of “cultural diffusion?”

38. polytheism
Belief in many gods/goddesses

39. polytheism Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Polytheist Polytheists
Polytheistic
The ancient Egyptians were polytheists.
Question to Ponder:
If a person practiced the Jewish religion, would he/she be considered a “polytheist?”

40. Ancient
Oldest recorded history of B.C.E.

41. ancient Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Ancients
The Mesopotamians are considered an ancient civilization.
Question to Ponder:
Would the year 2000 be considered “ancient?”

42. B.C.E.
Time period meaning ‘Before Common Era’

43. B.C.E. Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: N/A
The Roman Republic began around 500 B.C.E. and ended around 500 C.E.
Question to Ponder:
Would gladiators fighting during the late Roman Empire in 20 belong to the “B.C.E.” time period?

44. C.E.
Time period meaning ‘Common Era’

45. C.E. Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: N/A
My niece was born on October 7, C.E.
Question to Ponder:
Would a person born in the year 1 A.D. also be born in the year 1 “C.E.?”

46. River Civilizations II
Trade
Irrigation
Migration
Isolation
Feudalism

47. Trade
Purchasing or selling things

48. Trade Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Trades Trader Trading Traded
I traded my phone for a pencil in Mrs. Fisher’s class.
Question to Ponder:
Would I “trade” something if I borrowed it without asking?

49. Irrigation
Systematic relocation of water to help in crop production

50. irrigation Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Irrigate Irrigates
Irrigated
Irrigating
Early river civilizations used irrigation in order to create effective farms.
Question to Ponder:
Would I be using “irrigation” if I watered my lawn using buckets of water?

51. migration
To move from one place to another

52. migration Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Migrate Migrates
Migrated
Migrating
Early humans migrated across the continents before the Neolithic Revolution.
Question to Ponder:
Do immigrants “migrate?”

53. isolation
Being in a place or situation away from others

54. isolation Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Isolationist
Isolationism
Isolate
Isolates
Isolated
Isolating
China was isolated from other early river civilizations.
Question to Ponder:
Would a person who’s hanging out with others be considered “isolated?”

55. feudalism
Social system in which people work and fight for nobles who provide them with protection

56. feudalism Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Feudal Feudalist
Feudalistic
The Chinese lords created the feudal system in order to better control the weaker nobles.
Question to Ponder:
Is resistance “feudalism?”

57. Early Empires I
Navigate
Barter
Monotheism
Bureaucracy
Missionary

58. Navigate
To find a route to a place

59. navigate Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Navigates Navigated
Navigating
Navigator
Early empires navigated unknown terrain in order to trade with other civilizations.
Question to Ponder:
Would a sailor have to “navigate” the ocean?

60. Barter
Exchanging one good for another good

61. Barter Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Barters Bartering Bartered
Early river civilizations bartered goods and services rather than exchanging coins.
Question to Ponder:
Would I have “bartered” for something if I went to Walmart and bought milk?

62. monotheism
Belief in a single deity

63. monotheism Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Monotheist Monotheists
Monotheistic
Hebrews, Muslims, and Christians are all monotheists.
Question to Ponder:
Zeus, Poseidon, and Athena are all Greek gods. Would the Greeks be considered “monotheists?”

64. Bureaucracy
Complicated system of government officials

65. bureaucracy Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Bureaucracies
Bureaucratic
China established a bureaucratic system in order better organize their government.
Question to Ponder:
Would a business with a board of directors have a “bureaucratic” system?

66. Missionary
Person sent to another place to spread their religious beliefs to natives

67. Missionary Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Missionaries
Early religions sent out missionaries in order to get converts to their faith.
Question to Ponder:
If a person convinced someone else to believe his/her religious beliefs, would he/she be considered a “missionary?”