1. Lord of the Flies Analysis

2. Themes  
Themes are the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a literary work.

3. Civilization vs. Savagery
to live by rules, moral commands or
to gratify immediate desires,
obtain supremacy
control power

4. Contd. civilization vs. savagery, order vs. chaos reason vs. impulse
law vs. anarchy
good vs. evil.

5. Examples P. 1: Introduction to characters
Ralph
Piggy
P. 40 the dissolution of the young English boys' civilized, moral, disciplined behavior to a wild, brutal, barbaric life in the jungle.

6. Examples contd.
Ralph, the protagonist, who represents order and leadership;
Jack, the antagonist, who represents savagery and the desire for power.

7. The Wreckage Piggy, no savage feelings
Roger seems barely capable of comprehending the rules of civilization.
Golding: savagery more primal and fundamental
Civilization: moral behavior forced upon the individual rather than a natural expression of human individuality.

8. The Human Heart revert to cruelty, savagery, and barbarism.
innate human evil
finds expression: the beast, the sow's head on the stake.
only Simon seems innately good.

9. Loss of Innocence well-behaved, orderly to cruel, bloodthirsty hunters
Chapter 12:hunted, tortured, and killed animals and human beings
Chapter 3: guileless children swimming in the lagoon.
What other ways have the boys lost innocence?

10. Motifs  
Motifs are recurring structures, contrasts, or literary devices that can help to develop and inform the text's major themes.

11. Biblical Parallels
subtle motif in the novel, adding thematic resonance to the main ideas of the story.
The island: Eden
the Lord of the Flies: Beelzebub
Simon: Martyr or Christ figure.
Conversation: forty days in the wilderness.

12. Symbols
Symbols are objects, characters, figures, or colors used to represent abstract ideas or concepts. 

13.   The Conch Shell  
powerful symbol of civilization and order, democratic power.
Shows demise: deeper savagery ignores
The conch is crushed in a violent act
Consider how nature is forced to be an instrument of society and science. 

14. Piggy's Glasses glasses represent the power of science
Science versus nature: new theme 

15. The Signal Fire barometer of the boys' connection to civilization.
Early, the fire is a sign that they want to be rescued
Burn out: lost sight of their desire to be rescued
Now the fire is a measurement of the strength of the civilized on the island.
Ironically, the forest fire Jack's gang starts to hunt and kill Ralph summons a ship. 

16. The Beast stands for the primal instinct of savagery
more savage, the beast grows stronger.
leaving it sacrifices and treating it as a god.

17. The Lord of the Flies
The Lord of the Flies is the bloody, severed sow's head that Jack impales.
complicated symbol: Simon confronts the sow's head telling him that evil lies within every human heart and promising to have some “fun” with him.
What is the Fun?

18. Ralph, Piggy, Jack, Simon, Roger
many of its characters signify important ideas or themes.
Ralph represents order, leadership, and civilization.
Piggy represents the scientific and intellectual aspects of civilization.
Jack represents unbridled savagery and the desire for power.
Simon represents natural human goodness.
Roger represents brutality and bloodlust at their most extreme.

19. Political State the littluns might be seen as the common people,
the older boys represent the ruling classes and political leaders.
Ralph and Simon use their power to protect the younger boys and advance the good of the group;
Jack and Roger use their power to gratify their own desires, treating the littler boys as objects for their own amusement.