1. Forced Migration
Syria

2. What you need to know Causes of the Migration
Effects of the Migration on the donor and receiving countries.

3. Reasons Causes
The Syrian crisis is an on-going armed conflict in Syria between forces loyal to the Ba'ath government and those opposing them.
12.2 million people in need within Syria
7.6 million people displaced
5.6 million children in Syria are estimated to be living in dire conditions including living in poverty, being displaced and being caught in the line of fire.
150,000 people were killed between march 2001 and March 2014
In 2016, reports estimated that fatalities caused by the civil war in Syria amounted to 470,000.
An estimated 4.5 million refugees have fled the country, many to neighbouring countries such as Lebanon and Jordan.
The Syrian people are now the largest refugee population in the world.

4. The Syrian crisis is an on-going armed conflict in Syria between forces loyal to the Ba'ath government and those opposing them.

5. 12.2 million people in need within Syria

6. 7.6 million people displaced
Syrian internally displaced people walk in the Atme camp, along the Turkish border in the northwestern Syrian province of Idlib, on March 19, 2013.

7. 5.6 million children in Syria are estimated to be living in dire conditions including living in poverty, being displaced and being caught in the line of fire.

8. 150,000 people were killed between march 2001 and March 2014

9. In 2016, reports estimated that fatalities caused by the civil war in Syria amounted to 470,000.

10. An estimated 4.5 million refugees have fled the country, many to neighbouring countries such as Lebanon and Jordan.

11. Effects of the Migration on the donor and receiving countries.
Advantages for Lebanon
The advantages for Lebanon were:
arrival of aid agencies injected new money into the local economy
creation of job opportunities
local businesses benefited from the arrival of a supply of cheap labour
landlords and landowners made significant profits from selling or renting land/properties
cultural diversity – globalisation.

12. Effects of the Migration on the donor and receiving countries.
Disadvantages for Lebanon
Just over 1 million people have fled into Lebanon from Syria. The disadvantages for
Lebanon have been:
sharing of key resources – water and electricity
strain on health and education, leading to epidemics such as scabies during the hot summer months
overcrowding – some towns in the Bekaa Valley and the north have reported up to a 100% increase in population in the last two years
economic impact
crime/insecurity – such as prostitution, stealing
Lebanese people are resentful of the Syrian workforce

13. Effects of the Migration on the donor and receiving countries.
Disadvantages for Lebanon
property prices are rising as a result of increased demand
significant food price increases over the last 12 months, resulting from an increase in demand without additional supplies entering the market
Lebanon itself suffers from political instability – the presence of such a large number of refugees threatens to tip Lebanon’s fragile and volatile situation to breaking point
many are living in tents with only basic sanitation and health care and dirty water – disease and malnutrition are spreading
Lebanon has already welcomed many large influxes of refugees from countries such as Palestine – Palestinian refugees live in Lebanon

14. Effects of the Migration on the donor and receiving countries.
Disadvantages for Lebanon
in 2006, parts of Lebanon’s infrastructure were significantly damaged during the Hezbollah–Israel war – refugees add to this strain on resources
the gap between the rich and poor is widening
the conflict could spread across the border – rebels often smuggle weapons in and out of Syria through Lebanon
friction between existing sectarian groups is worsening, for example, the Shia and Sunni Muslim communities
on 22 March 2013, the Prime Minister of Lebanon resigned after deep-rooted unrest – this has left the country in turmoil and politically fragile
child exploitation and child labour are increasing.

15. Past Paper Question

16. Command Words