1. Ionic Compounds

2. Ionic Compounds
Ion:
Any atom that has a charge
Cation:
An ion with a + charge
anion:
An ion with a - charge

3. A bond that forms between (+) metals and (-) non metals.
Ionic Bonds
A bond that forms between (+) metals and (-) non metals.
Electrons are transferred and then the opposite charges attract.

4. Elements want 8 valence electrons
Octet Rule
Element always move to become more stable. Most elements change their electron configuration to match the configuration of noble gasses.
Elements want 8 valence electrons

5. 1+ 2+ 3+ 3- 2- 1-

6. Rules for Writing Ionic Compounds
1.Charge must always cancel out
+ and – charges add up to zero.
2. Find the charges from the periodic table or the chart.

7. Rules for Writing Ionic Compounds
3.If the charges are the same they cancel out and it is a one to one ratio.
Ca1O1
Ca2+ , O2-

8. 4.If they are not find the least common mutiple
Ca Cl1- = 2
The number that goes in the formula is what you would multiple the charge by to equal the L. C. M.
Ca1Cl2

9. Rules for Writing Ionic Compounds
Or… reduce the charges and use the cross rule
Sn O2-
Ca Cl1-
Sn O1-
Sn O1-
Ca1Cl2
Sn1O2

10. Learning Check Write the formulas for compounds of the following ions:
Br− S2− N3−
Na+
Al3+

11. Solution Na+ Al3+ NaBr sodium bromide Na2S sodium sulfide Na3N
Br− S2− N3−
Na+
Al3+
NaBr
sodium bromide
Na2S
sodium sulfide
Na3N
sodium nitride
AlBr3
aluminum bromide
Al2S3
aluminum sulfide
AlN
aluminum nitride

12. Rules for Naming Ionic Compounds
1. The first element (metal) name does not change.
2. The second elements name ending changes to -ide
NaO
MgCl2
Al2S3

13. Rules for Naming Ionic Compounds
(except for polyatomic ions, use the name on the chart)
SO42-
= sulfate
Na2SO4
= sodium sulfate

14. Learning Check Write the names of the following compounds.
1) CaO ___________
2) KBr ___________
3) Al2O3 ___________
4) MgCl2 ___________

15. Solution Write the names of the following compounds:
1) CaO calcium oxide
2) KBr potassium bromide
3) Al2O3 aluminum oxide
4) MgCl2 magnesium chloride

16. Rules for Naming Ionic Compounds
3. If it is a transition metal Roman Numerals must be used.
FeCl2
FeCl
FeCl3
The Roman numeral tells you the charge of the transition metal

17. Transition Metals form Positive Ions
Most transition metals and Group 4(14) metals form 2 or more positive ions.
Zn2+, Ag+, and Cd2+ form only one ion.

18. Learning Check Select the correct name for each. A. Fe2S3
1) iron sulfide
2) iron(II) sulfide
3) iron(III) sulfide
B. CuO
1) copper oxide
2) copper(I) oxide
3) copper(II) oxide

19. Rules for Naming Ionic Compounds
4. There are no prefixes in ionic compounds

20. Learning Check What is the correct formula for each of the following?
A. Copper(I) nitride
1) CuN 2) CuN3 3) Cu3N
B. Lead(IV) oxide
1) PbO2 2) PbO 3) Pb2O4