1. The Clause…No Antlers!
A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb.
There are two major types:
An independent clause can stand alone as a sentence, beginning with a capital letter and ending with terminal punctuation such as a period.
A dependent clause cannot stand alone as a sentence; instead it must be attached to an independent clause.
(G. Lutz and D. Stevenson, The Writer's Digest Grammar Desk Reference, 2005)

2. Clause…No Santa Here! Independent Dependent
"The average man does not want to be free. He simply wants to be safe. (H.L. Mencken)
"When people talk, listen completely. Most people never listen. (Ernest Hemingway)
"What's another word for 'thesaurus'?" (Steven Wright)
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Dependent
"Be kind, for everyone you meet is fighting a hard battle." (Philo)
"Never forget me, because if I thought you would, I'd never leave." (A. A. Milne)
"If we knew what it was we were doing, it would not be called research, would it?" (Albert Einstein)
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3. Clauses in Action With a partner:
Each will write 3 independent clauses.
Each will write 3 dependent clauses.
Trade papers.
Each will use the partner’s clauses to create 6 new sentences.
To independent clauses, add a dependent clause.
To dependent clauses, add an independent clause.