1. Section 2: History & Culture (page 150)
Chapter 6: Canada
Section 2: History & Culture (page 150)

2. The Big Idea
Canada’s history and culture reflect Native Canadian and European settlement, immigration, and migration to cities

3. History & Culture

4. History Native Canadians Indians & the Inuit people were 1st Canadians
Over time, they divided into groups known as “First Nations”

5. History
Native Canadians
Inuit man in kayak, 1929

6. History
Native Canadians
Inuit family, 1930

7. History Native Canadians
Fed, clothed, and housed themselves by hunting seals, whales, walruses, & other animals
Population today about 400,000

8. History European Settlement 1st were Vikings, in about AD 1000
In late 1400s, other Europeans arrived & explored Canada

9. History European Settlement
Trade between Euros. & NCs quickly developed
Euros wanted furs / NCs wanted metal goods
Also: foods, clothing, & methods of travel

10. History New France France was 1st Euro. country to settle Canada.
Important to France b/c it provided money & goods
Also spread French culture.

11. Map of New France made by Samuel de Champlain in 1612
History
Map of New France made by Samuel de Champlain in 1612

12. Actual extent of New France before 1763
History
Actual extent of New France before 1763

13. History
New France
French in competition with English for control of Canada
French built trade relationships with NCs to help defend their interests

14. History
New France
In 1763, England defeated France & took control of Canada
Though it didn’t last, New France shaped Canada’s cultural makeup.

15. History British Conquest In 1754, England & France went to war
Fought in Canada & Europe

16. History British Conquest England won in 1763
Called “7 Years War” in Europe / “French & Indian War” in colonies
Actually, French & their Indian allies vs. the English and their Indian allies

17. History British Conquest Some of the French left / most stayed
Brits divided Canada into two colonies
Lower Canada mostly French speaking
Upper Canada mostly English

18. History British Conquest
Boundary b/t Lower & Upper forms part of border b/t provinces of Quebec & Ontario today.

19. History British Conquest
Province: administrative divisions of a country
Similar to a state in the United States.