1. Life’s Stages and Human Needs
Chapter 3
Section 1
Page 52

2. Erickson’s 8 Stages of Life
Erik Erickson is a pioneer in psychology.
Psychology – the scientific study of behavior of the mind.
Theory divides the human life span into 8 stages. Each stage presents different developmental tasks. One must successfully complete earlier tasks before moving on to later ones.

3. 8 Stages of Life Infancy (0-1) Toddler stage (1-2) Preschool age (3-5)
Adolescence (13-20)
Young Adulthood (21-40)
Adulthood (41-60)
Older Adulthood (61 and over)

5. Human Needs According to Maslow
Abraham Maslow described life’s tasks (human needs) in a hierarchy (ladder system).
Hierarchy – a ranking system in which each thing is placed above or below others.
According to Maslow people must meet basic needs before climbing the ladder before they can think about higher needs.

6. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Physiological needs
Safety
Love
Esteem
Self-Actualization Needs

7. Maslow
Most basic needs are related to survival – needs for food, clothing and shelter (physiological needs).
Next are needs to feel physically safe (safety needs).
If safe and secure, people are free to notice their needs to be loved and to feel emotionally secure (love needs).

8. Maslow
If those needs are met, people can try to get in touch with their needs for respect and esteem.
If stage 4 is achieved, people can advance to self-actualization. This is the realization of their full potential: becoming “all that they can be.” Only 1-2 % ever develop that far.

9. Erikson / Maslow
Personality develops throughout life, according to Erikson. The development is propelled by the needs in Maslow’s hirarchy.

10. Key Terms
Personality – the characteristics of a person that are apparent to others
Self-image – the characteristics that a person sees in himself or herself
Variables – changeable factors that affect outcomes

11. Key Terms Needs – Urgent wants for necessary things
Self-Actualization – The reaching of one’s

12. Basic Differences What are the differences between Erikson and Maslow?
Erikson theory says tasks progress primarily by age.
Maslow theory says they develop by needs.