1. CHANGE THEORY AND EDUCATION INNOVATION
SESSION III

2. SESSION THREE OVERVIEW
COMPLEXITY
THINKING AND LEARNING
Systems I Thinking
Systems II Thinking
Critical Thinking
Systems Thinking
Innovative Thinking

3. COMPLEXITY
Dimensions (Stacey Matrix)
Agreement
Certainty

4. SYSTEMS ONE THINKING Reactive Best used when action is needed quickly
Intuitive, instinctive, uncontrolled
Uses mental models and short cuts (heuristics)
Associative with past memories
Quick, effortless and unconscious
Best used when action is needed quickly

5. SYSTEMS TWO THINKING Reflective
Takes effort, controlled
Analytical, evaluative, deductive
Anticipatory, truth seeking
Correctly (or incorrectly) apply heuristics
Takes time
Best used for decisions that are complex, uncertainty is an issue, involve “unfamiliar territory,” and/or when the stakes are high

6. SYSTEMS I & II THINKING
Work together
Can over ride each other

7. CRITICAL THINKING Definition It’s skeptical without being cynical
“the process of purposeful, self-regulatory judgment “ (Consensus opinion of 46 recognized critical thinkers 1988 – 1999)
It’s skeptical without being cynical
Open minded without being wishy-washy
Analytical without being nitpicky
Evaluative without being judgmental
Forceful without being opinionated
It’s a way to choose what to believe or what to do

8. CRITICAL THINKING Skills Interpretation Analysis Inference Evaluation
Explanation
Self-regulation
thinking about our thinking

9. SELF REGULATION Exploring your own thinking What is it? Why is it?
Why did I react that way?
Why am I thinking/feeling this way?
What’s the data? And is it confirming?

10. CRITICAL THINKING Disposition for Critical Thinking Truth seeking
Open minded
Inquisitive
Analytical
Systematic
Judicious
Confident in Reasoning

11. CRITICAL THINKING
Exercise

12. SYSTEMS THINKING A way for seeing the whole
How things work as a whole not individual parts
How one part influences another
Interrelationships
Looking for patterns

13. SYSTEMS THINKING Single Loop Learning Double Loop Learning
Questions governance, policies, structure

14. SYSTEMS THINKING Problems are part of an overall system
What are the systems/processes/structures/policies
Look for patterns
Take a helicopter view
Non-Linear
Actions and reactions not always closely linked
Small change a big effect

15. INNOVATIVE THINKING
Friend or foe of Critical Thinking?

16. ATTRIBUTE COMPARISON Critical Thinking Innovative Thinking Analytical
Linear
Probabilities
Evaluative
Objective
Innovative Thinking
Generative
Associative
Possibilities
Non-judgmental
Subjective
BOTH ARE IMPORTANT

17. INNOVATIVE THINKING What blocks innovation? What helps innovation?
How does innovation come about?

18. INNOVATIVE THINKING What blocks innovation? What helps innovation?
How does innovation come about?
Like critical thinking it requires both skills and disposition